| The 21th century of human being is the century of city. City is one set of filling distribution in the geographical space, and is one set of gathering, which having concept of class, independent,having maximum total benefit, forming a network system which having co-ordinate construction,fast circulation, systematization and high efficiency. Urbanization also is named townization,metroplitanization. The historical process of human being's mode of production and life-style transferring from rural model to urban model refers to the process of transmission from country population to city population and continued developing and perfecting of the city. Usually we use the index of percentage of the city population in the gross population to measure the level of urbanization.The direct motive of the development of modern city is the development of industry. The main systematic theory illustrating the common mechanism of the urbanization is the Developing Pole theory and its evolving theory of Growing Pole established by a French economist F. Perroux. His Developing Pole theory states, that the growth of regional economy is a kind of unbalanced growth which firstly represented by the growth of many developing poles in the region and then promote the economic development of the whole region through the development of the Poles. Whereas the Growing Pole theory states, the city combination is the developing pole of regional economy. The establishment of developing pole theory explains the common mechanism of urbanization from the aspects of economical space and geographical space. And in the meantime this theory had a great impact and attraction on the developing countries, thus becoming the basis of the government policies in making strategies of regional development and urbanization. From the relationship between the development level of urbanization and industrialization, the world urbanization can be classified into synchronic urbanization, over urbanization, under urbanization and counter urbanization.Urbanization is a kind of worldwide social economical phenomenon that occurs with the industrialization and the development of economy. Urbanization and industrialization are two different concepts yet closely related in content. Industrialization is promoting factor to urbanization. Urbanization will develop while industrialization is in process. The reasons are:outer economic benefit, integrated economic benefit, and the attraction of huge market. Due to the above said attraction of the city, industries gathered towards the big cities during the industrialization process and made the cities gradually becoming industrial center, trade center, communication and transport center, service center and technology center thus accelerating the further development of modern city. This development in return caused massivetransmission of the rural population to the urban area and made urbanization and industrialization grow simultaneously. However, there are also un-collaboration between urbanization and industrialization which is the advancement and stagnation of urbanization. The advancement refers to the phenomenon that the speed of industrialization is much higher than that of the growth of agricultural productivity and industrial productivity in some of the developing countries. The stagnation of urbanization refers to the serious lack of development of urbanization compared with the development of industrialization. Economic development is the process of urbanization while industrialized. Urbanization is the important aspect and content of economic development. Economic development is the process of geographical centralization of population, market, enterprises and basic facilities, i.e. the process of urbanization. The features of urban economy are high density, specialization of commodity and service, and heavy interdependence amongst the families, enterprises and the government and inside each of the community, and high standard of technology, renovation and management. These features of urbanizatio... |
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