China Railway Reform Path

The reform of natural monopoly industry is one of the most active theme in the realm of Industrial Economics, and also is a current of Chinese economic system reforming. The railroad industry, being one of natural monopoly industry, certainly can not be excepted. At present, the reform of Chinese realway analyzing from all, still stick in the separation of government and corporation, and the separation of primary monopoly structure, but the real reforming scheme which can touch the essential of the realway industry is a fat lot. There is a change in the realway reform in 2003, in that, the branch which control the realway adopt the reforming scheme of "the stride over type develop" and give up the former reforming scheme: the "Separating Infrastructure Management from Transport Operation" . Under the background of this, what's china's realway need: either reform or development, what's the way of reform, all of which puzzle scholars of fremdness and homeland.At first, this article studied the foundation theories of natural monopoly industry. In general, natural monopoly closely contact with Economies of Scale. The new definition considers that the natural monoply contact with Subaddtivity. The new development of monopoly theories insist that influenced by the development of economics and technic, the characteristic is not inflexible, the corporation of natural monopoly can be divided into two part: forever natural monopoly and temporary natural monopoly; The second, natural monopoly industry has a series of economic and technic character: network, economies of scope and so on; The third, this article studies the experience of developed country, these country's experience can be good to china's realway reform; The fourth, this text sets out from the reformation process of the Chinese railroad, deducing a problem: though China obtained through reformation certainly score, from the Chinese railway industry still esse lots of issues, the problem which Chinese railway must face is still reformation rather than development. The Chinese railway reform of necessarily is the " Separating Infrastructure Management from Transport Operation" , but not is "the stride overtype develop"; At last, this article discusses more on the Chinese realway reform, and insists that through the " Separating Infrastructure Management from Transport Operation" , all these problem can be well solved.