Study Of Contemporary Chinese Farmers' Interests Protection Mechanism

The "san-nong" problem is one of the most important problems that hinder the development of economy and society of modern China. The core in the "san-nong" problem is the fanners' problem. The key to the farmers' problems is to establish a series of mechanisms to guarantee the farmers' interests. Mechanism refers to the structure and function of an organism and the interrelationship between the two. Generally it refers to the process and manner that the parts of a system operate or interact. It emphasizes on achieving a certain purpose by the inter-harmonization and inter-support of the different parts of a system. "System refers to the codes of conducts required to be observed by all", among which are policies and laws. "Institution refers to the organizational structure of the departments and enterprises." Mainly it refers to the division of administrative power and financial power between the different sections of the departments and enterprises. As a system, the guarantee mechanism of farmers' interests should include various contents. And the different aspects of this mechanism should be inter-harmonizing and inter-supporting.First, this thesis analyzes the problems brought by the lack of this mechanism. To be specific, the problems are as follow, the lack of farmers' economic interest, politic interest and educational interest. In reality, these interests are not shared equally between the farmers and other citizens in towns and cities, i.e. the farmers are not treated equally in many fields, such as in the field of economy, politics and education. These problems not only make the farmers difficult to develop themselves but also bring about the problems in agriculture and in the countryside. Second, this thesis analyzes the main causes for these problems. These problems are formed under certain historical circumstances. The historic reasons are list below in three aspects. First, the policy to support agriculture is not stable. Second, the policy to develop industry prior to agriculture, and the enforcement of the dualistic policy towards city and country. This is the most important reason. Third, the imperfectness of the law systems and institutions. At last, this thesis explores how to establish a guarantee mechanism of the farmers' interests. First, to perfect and stabilize the supporting policies to agriculture. Second, to revise some of the items of some laws, i.e. to revise and abolish the laws against the farmers' interest, and to pass new laws to protect farmers' interests. At the same time, to improve the investment to support agriculture from the structural and supervision aspects. Meanwhile, to transform the financial system and compulsory education system of the government. To do a research on the guarantee mechanism of farmers' interests has far-reaching significance on constructing socialist new village and establishing a harmonious socialist society.