Rolls Historical Interpretation Of The Theory Of Justice

Justice is eternal value that the mankind seeks. The more long the study of the subject, the more original it is. John Rawls is a typical political philosopher .His representative works are A Theory of Justice and Political liberalism. It is with the method of historical materialism that elaborates the theory of justice. On the one hand, the aim is to much better understand A Theory of Justice; On the other hand, it is through studying his works words by words that we can seek enlightenment and meaning which are good for political civilization construction. The dissertation divides into three parts. The simple expression is as follows:First part: It centers on two principles of justice that is to expound the theory of justice. The principles of justice contains Democratic Equality principle and the difference principle, which is the core of John Rawls theory .The two principles are to be ranked in lexical order .The first principle is priori to difference principle, which is liberty priority principle. Fair equality is priori to difference principle, which is say that justice has priority to efficiency and welfare. John Rawls proves the two principles by designing and reasoning the original position and the maxinmin rule.Second part: It explains the critical theory on John Rawls theory and political liberalism. The theory of justice gives rise to the criticism from Robert Nozick in liberalism and communitarianism. Alasdair Macintyre is a typical representative of communitarianism. He elaborates moral ethics in the "history expression" way. In his opinion, morals maintain close links with practice, good and tradition. If there is no moral subject, no matter how perfect rules, they are invalid. After much debate, John Rawls changes over to the second stage: political liberalism. In political liberalism, he expounds, "what is political...