Chinese And Foreign Exploration Of The Nature Of Socialism And The Historical Enlightenment Of The Communist Party

There have been more than 150 years since the publication of the "Communist Manifesto". Under the glorious banner of Marxism, the Communist Party of every country is exploring what is socialism and how to build a socialism. In 20th century, socialism has undergone a major change. Socialism conceived by the founders of the Marxism is a socialism which can be realized in the most developed capitalist countries, and a socialism without the socialist commodity economy and monetary relations. However, this idea did not come true. Another change is the drastic changes in Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union's disaggregation, and the Soviet Communist Party's stepping down. This is the biggest and the most profound lesson in the development of socialism, and it can also be described as the biggest setbacks of socialism in the world. Another change is the political turning of the communist parties in the European socialist countries, and their new attitudes to the essence of socialism and their new choices to the way of socialism. However, we are pleased to see that in China, Vietnam, Cuba and other socialist states economic development and the improvement of people's rights have made tremendous progress, and the good momentum of development is flourishing. At the same time, we are also pleased to find that Marxists and Communist Parties of every country are making an unremitting exploration to the essence of socialism from the lessons.Based on historical materialism, the Communist Party of China and foreign countries' and Marxist scholars' exploration to the nature of socialism and some socialist countries' lessons of failure and the practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, this paper mainly explores the essence of socialism and some more socialist paths of development, and reveals the inevitable demise of capitalism by using the method of historical evidence, comparative analysis, literature research, and the combination of history and logic. On this basis, four historical inspirations are concluded: Promoting the development of the productive forces is socialist road; Equality, democracy, and harmony are the essence of socialism; Sharing the results of social development is an important characteristic of socialism; Human's all-around development is the target of socialism development.