Emergency Management Of China's Urban Public Emergency

In recent years, public incident has been shown complex crisis characteristics, including high incidence, multi-domain, rapid spreading and terrible loss. Besides traditional fire disaster, earthquake, flood and disturbance, new public incidents have continually taken place. Public incident has been a'normality'of social'abnormalities'. Public incident usually brings heavier affect and damage to cities than other regions. Therefore, through developing contingency management research for urban public incident, building and perfecting urban public incident management system, constantly improving urban capacity of public incident prevention and treatment, is actually significant to ensure economic development and political stability of region and whole country. According to theory of public incident management, this article analyzed current problems, refered to international management experience, and provided countermeasure options for building and perfecting public incident management system in urban government in China.This paper includs five parts, and elaborated according to the link of raising the issue, analyzing causes, and finding out countermeasure. The first part is common theory analyzation of public incident and management. Through explaining conception, classification and characteristics of public incident, what is public incident has been indicated, and on that basis, the signification and specific practice patterns of public incident management has been stated. The second part has brought forward issue and analyzed causation. Through systematic description to civil urban public incidents, a increasinf tend of civil urban public incidents has been stated; through frangibility of modern city easily causes'lifeline'rupture, rapid urbanization aggravates burden of city, imbanlance of economic and social development easily causes incidents, informationization causes chain reaction of public incidents between cities, main causes of the increase of civil urban public incidents are analyzed; finally it has been advanced that enhancing civil urban public incident management is the desirability for completely construction of well-off Society, is the inexorable requirement for government to completely fulfill functions and performing official duties according to law, and is the natural requirement for maintaining good public order. The third part is a survey of current civil urban public incident management mechanism. Trough investigation to current situation and modes of civil urban public incident management mechanism, problems in it has been found out, embodied by that ideological understanding is not in position, crisis consciousness is not strong, institutional obstacles weaken capacity to urban public incidents, contingency reaction and ability of early direct management needs to be improved, and relative rule of law is uncertain. The fourth part is external experiences of urban public incident management. Through analyzing the external urban public incident management mechanism in the US, Japan, Russia, Canada and Italy, beneficial inspiration for strengthening civil urban public incident management have been summarized, first is building complex coordinate department for contingency management, second is perfect legal institution, ensuring meeting an contingency lawfully, third is real-time monitoring, classified warning, fourth is utilizing the strength of non-governmental organizations to participate in incident manageement, fifth is the intervention of media, to pay attention to information communication and respect public right to know, sixth is to foster and improve citizen's consciousness of contingency management and ability against public incident. The fifth part is suggestion for countermeasure. On basis of pointing out that, to perfect civil urban incident management mechanism, six cardinal principles need to be insist on, including people orientation, prevention first, integration unified with separate management, integrated logistic support, legality of government work, and quick reaction, focused countermeasure suggestions were advanced, the first is to enhance crisis awareness, build unified and efficient incident management decision mechanism, the second is to build and perfect a unified leaded and overall harmonizd guiding system for contingency management, the third is to strengthern construction and management of contingency plan system, the fourth is to build early warning system for public incident, the fifth is to build legal system for urban crisis management, the sixth is to build social mobilization system of extensive participation and harmonized coordination. In th end of this paper, the full text has been summarized, the validity and limitation of article research has been stated.