| For a long time, the neglect of environmental protection in the mining development, resulting in large areas of land and the destruction of the natural landscape, ecological environment worsening; a result of mining-induced geological disasters have occurred frequently, environmental pollution increasingly serious. As China's rampant economic interests and environmental interests'conflict, People have gradually realized that the coordinated development of economy and environment is the basis for the development of society. The distortions between environmental and economic benefits, not only threatens the different regions and different groups of harmony, ecological environment protection faces with great difficulty. One way to solve such problems is to establish and perfect the ecological compensation legal system. State Environmental Protection Administration, which is now Ministry of State Environmental Protection, introduced the "eco-compensation to carry out experimental work on the guidance" in August 2007.It includes that the establishment of long-term mining development eco-compensation mechanism, the establishment of joint departments mine ecological compensation fund, according with principles of corporate and government share common burden to increase environmental management efforts,"pay off old debts"and so on.Ecological Compensation in China started in the 20th century and the early 90s, compared to foreign countries is concerned, there are many deficiencies. Therefore, China needs to strengthen research about the international mining development ecological compensation. The Paper mainly includes four parts:The first part, through the analysis of the eco-environmental problems caused by mining development, pointed out that it is necessary to establish eco-compensation legal system to resolve conflicts between economic development and environmental protection. Then introduced the meaning of ecological compensation,the basic content of Ecological compensation legal system, the meaning and theoretical basis of Mining development ecological compensation legal system. The second part, it mainly introduced the meaning of mining development ecological compensation and the theoretical foundation. The third part, introduced the status and cases of mining development ecological compensation and concluded main issues about mining development ecological compensation need to be resolved. The forth part, written foreign mining development ecological compensation system on our reference and cited the United States, Australia and the Philippines three countries. The last part, written how to improve the ecological compensation and summarized several advices in the end.The innovations of the paper is by introducing the cases of Foreign mining development ecological compensation, sums up reference and suggestion to China. In particular, we should adopt different methods to solve the "new account" and the "old account" problem, Mineral resources tax and mineral resources fees should aim at the ecological objectives. |
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