Exploration On The Construction Of Biological Materials In Senior High School

Construction of teaching materials is an issue of overall importance in the education reform,and it is an important part of curriculum reform to develop teaching materials in line with thespirit of new curriculum reform and requirements of curriculum standards. In the new curriculumreform, the traditional concept of teaching materials, which excessively highlights the authorityof teaching materials, has been on track of correction. However, researchers believe that, thecurrent biological teaching materials in high schools have strong scientific nature but still littleattraction to the students. From the international view, to transfer “teaching materials” to“learning materials” has become a new trend. The new concept of “learning materials” hasdrawn wide attention of the educational circles upon its proposal, and the scholars of our countryalso have discussions on it. For now, there is seldom any exploration of “learning materials” inthe academic circle of China, while analyses and comparison on “learning-material orientation”of current teaching materials account for the majority with hardly any involvement in theconcept of learning materials and their compilation.This paper conducts theoretical research on the learning materials by using documentarymethod and interview method, as wells as practice research to compile “The Structure andFunction of Cell Membrane” as an example, analyses the implement feedback and drawsconclusions. This paper includes six sections:The first part serves as the introduction, mainly describing research background, therationale of bringing up questions, research status, research objective, research significance andresearch methods. It is an introduction to the overall situation of the whole research.The second part serves as a summary of learning materials and the concentratedembodiment of understanding of learning materials. Learning material was first brought up bythe Textbook Research Center of Japan (legal people of financial group). The Japanese scholar,Professor Takakura Sho, presented five functions of textbooks used as “learning materials”. Theresearch defined the concept of learning material and explained functions of it, based oncomparisons with concepts of “teaching materials” and “learning plans” and in combination ofviews of other scholars’.The third part serves as the theoretical research on the compilation of learning materials,including the theoretical basis, discipline, content selection for compilation of learning materials, which can be regarded as a systematic engineering that is mutually connected, dynamic andseeking for optimization constantly. The process of compilation is guided by system theories,constructivism theories, cognitive load theories, zone of proximal development theories andcognitive structure assimilation theories. In the compilation process of learning materials, thescientific, systematic, scientific, gradient, interest and exploratory principles shall be applied. Tobetter play the educational function of learning materials, the researcher considered that learningobjective, learning introduction, knowledge content, question teaching, main point consolidation,practice with feedback and self-reflection shall be included in learning materials.The fourth part describes the practice research on the compilation of learning materials, andtried to compile learning materials of biology in high school education by taking “The Structureand Function of Cell Membrane” as an example to induce more valuable contributions. Byreferring to “Molecular and Cell”(People’s Education Press) in the current biological teachingmaterial of high school of Shandong Province, it is found that the structure and function of cellmembrane contains two sections:“System Boundary-The Cell Membrane”(Section I ofChapterIII) and “Fluid Mosaic Model of Biological Membrane”(Section II of Chapter IV). Theresearcher integrated and aligned the knowledge contents with the purpose of more coherent andsmooth structure of knowledge.The fifth part describes the implement and feedbacks, including feedbacks from teacherswho are teaching and students after distribution of the learning materials complied by theresearcher, and the researcher’s deeper considerations over construction of learning materials.The sixth part describes the conclusion. Viewed from the research feedbacks, learningmaterials has great significance of practice. Only insisting on student-centered and fullyconsidering students’ development characteristic, can we compile the high-quality learningmaterials which also have the nature of scientific, interest and exploratory. Only the teachersfurther broaden minds and liberate the class, can the learning materials take full effects.