Late Qing Society On The Education

At the beginning of the 20th century, under the stimilus of internal distorder and external disaster ,the Qing Government had to enforce new policy reform, of which the educational reform was an important part. As the educational reform pushing on, the Qing Dinasty gradually realised that only school education wasn? t enough to civilize people and prevent fedual reigns from its collapsing. On the base of inheriting our history tradition and drawing on the advanced experience of foreign countries, the Qing Dinasty founded lots of social educational institutions, such as half ?day schools, explain and publicize offices, reading rooms, libraries, simplitied literacy schools and so on. In order to comprehensively discuss and evaluate modern social education in the late Qing Dinasty. This thesis is classified into three parts. The first part discourses upon the source of modern social education. Although the word social education was initially used in official papers in the first year of Republic of China, ancient social education had gone back to ancient times in China. First, this part defines social education and summarizes the ancient social education. Then it analyses the factors which impelled modem social education germination. Modem social education appeared in the initiative of the Qing Government. Therefore the Qing Dinasty formulated a series of policies. In addition, the advocacy of scholar at that times also gave impetus to the development of the social education. The second part expounds the founding of the social education at the beginning of the 20th century. Modern social education touches very wide scope, and its forms were various too. Due to limited space, this thesis expounds six kinds, for instance, half ?day ?? schools, simplitied literary schools, explain and publicize offices, reading rooms, libraries, modem newspapers and periodicals. This part gives detailed inspection on the appearance and development of modem social education during 1901 ? 1911. Involved wide scope, therefore its influence was extensive. Its appearance and initial development generated some influence on politics, ecomics, culture and education, social custom, and so forth. To some extent, it promoted the modernization of society. First it set apreeedent for modem social education. Secondly, it also promoted the spread of the west scientific and technological knowledge, the improvement of social mode and civilisation of the people. Because it was feudal governor who pushed modern social education,some defects existed inevitably. For example, attached too much importance to the propaganda of the feudal ethics and made light of the social education for women, etc. Later, this part analyses the reason that the modern social education developed slowly during 1901?911.