Late Qing And Early Republic Tianjin Social Educational Research (1905-1937)

The term of the social education appeared in China at the end of Qing dynasty, when various foreign educational theories were introduced into China. It mainly refers to those educational activities purposefully, organically and designedly carried out by the state and public organizations in order to improve the quality of dropouts and all the people by using and setting up a variety of cultural, educational institutions and facilities outside the schooling system. Today, with the rapid development of economy, people's pace of life and the speed of knowledge increasing are also getting quicker and quicker, and only lifelong learning could adapt to social demands. To most adults who already step into the operating post, entering a regular school to accept system education once more is not practical, and social education can provide them with a learning platform. Tianjin as a developing metropolis, developing social education cause can not only improve civic morality and enrich culture life of people but also promote the city development and social harmony and stability. So it is necessary to organize and research the development of social education in modern history of Tianjin.In order to present as much as possible the original appearance of social education in Tianjin based on the historical development, this paper mainly introduces the germination, growth and prosperity of social education situation in Tianjin from 1905 to 1937, before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War. Each reform and development of social education is inseparable from the promotion of civil society and government, and even more from the support of national policy. Tianjin social education originated at the end of Qing dynasty. After the establishment of the Republic of China, the development of social education in Tianjin was revolved around the popular education, the civilian education and the mass education, and it arrived at its prosperous period before the Anti-Japanese War. However, the development of social education had been accompanied by some problems, such as the lack of suitable teaching material and professional, the war, the short of money and the imbalance resources between urban and rural areas, which led to dropouts and low coverage. Through this paper, people can understand the past development course of Tianjin social education and realize that it had played a very important auxiliary role in the whole education system. Meanwhile it can also encourage people to think what content and form should be taken for today's social education in Tianjin to continue realizing its functions of servicing and educating the public in today's society.