High School Chemistry Teaching Student-centered Design Theory And Practice

Professor Ye-Lan in Hua Dong Normal University said that the class instruction was short of life vigor and called that "let the classroom instruction shine life vigor" in 1997. With the background of the reform of the basic education, the examinational education is still ingrained, and the reform of EQO education is closing on the practice of Chemistry instruction. However, the class instruction and design still are the single teacher-centered situation. As it is well know, the view that is the center in class instruction has become the main current. So, the author primriarly probes into the student-centered instructional design of Chemistry teaching theoretically and practically.The student-centered instructional' design in Chemistry teaching is that the designer puts to use the chemistry instructional view and its instructional objectives, strategies and evaluations and fully reflects the scheme of teaching activity on self-learning. Learning through practice, researching and constructing, its characteristics have three aspects: firstly, laying stress on the continuous education; secondly, considering the characteristic of the psychological development of students; thirdly, students exploring the chemical world on their own initiative; fourthly, the instructional evaluation being not static but dynamic, it embodies at least the following in the concrete design of Chemistry teaching: (1) paying close attention to the life world of students, and linking up the tie between the world of book and life. (2) paying close attention to the life value and givingstudents time and space on the full research. (3) paying close attention to the way of existence for students and constructing a democratic, equal, cooperative relation between teacher and student.There are some objective bases on the student�'entered instructional design of chemistry teaching. In view of teaching practice, instructional focus transforms from "teaching" to "learning", J. A. coraenius's Pedagogy is knowledge "of teaching", J. F. Herbert led the "teaching" in Pedagogy to the scientific way. But the real revolution started from J. Deway who brought forth the child-centered thought. From then on, the diversion from traditional education to modern education was realized. In 1980s, the idea of "life條ong education" has been wieldy spread. It is essential that instructional focus has changed to "learning". At the same time, the instructional model has inclined to "the student-centered" model. A lot of student-centered instructional models have arisen. Instructional design model abroad has gradually turned to student-centered model, too. There are a few of models in the instructional design, such as J.E.Kemp model, P. L. Smith T. J. Ragan model and Constructivist Learning Environment model. Students are the subjects of teaching in the relation between teaching and learning. The teacher guides and students full construct by themselves. Instructional design in Chemistry from the methodology is a system that has a definite structure of levels. According to the principle of the system's science and instructional idea on the student-centered chemistry teaching, and the instructional design model, the author puts forward the student-centered instruction design model in Chemistry teaching.It has three levels to achieve its model. Firstly, on analysis of instructional problem, the author poses three aspects: attitude, knowledge and skill. Deciding instructional objective in Chemistry is based on the analysis of learning result, cognitive scheme and so on. The author thinks the student-centered instructional object in Chemistry requires the link among the process objects and behavioral objects, accuracy nature and vague nature. Secondly, the teacher arranges solving plan of the instructional problem. In fact, the design is a process of the problem to be solved, which needs the teacher selecting the student-centered instructional strategy. It includes the strategies of the cognitive structure, information procession, instructional model and guide in...