High School Students To Solve The Psychological Mechanisms Of Chemical Experiments

Under the direction of modern cognitive psychology, the author designs some basic knowledge tests of chemical experiments, self-regulation tests of chemistry learning and chemical experimental problems, and discusses the mental mechanism of chemical experiment problem-solving with the methods of questionnaire measurement, verbal protocol and activity operation by group test and case study respectively. Here a suggestion is presented that the mental process of senior chemistry experimental problem-solving can be divided into four periods such as problem confirming, problem parsing, experiment design and experiment operation, and there are six representation patterns of chemistry experimental problem, for instance, character representation, chemistry representation, sample representation, visualization representation, skill representation and mathematic representation. At the same time, problem solving strategies also can be divided into principle guide, sample guide, environment guide and blind attempt. The results show: (1)There are three important factors influencing chemical experiment problem-solving, such as problem representation and solving strategy of chemical experiment, cognitive structure of chemistry and self-regulation, which induce the difference of the efficiency to solve experimental problems among different problem-solver. (2)Problem representation is a key and necessary premise to solve the chemical experiment. The efficient strategy to solve problems can promote problem-solving and the efficiency of problem-solving, on the other hand, a bad strategy will impede the problem-solving and decline the efficiency. The knowledge content and representation level may influence the degree of knowledge structure. Whereas, the degree of knowledge structure defines the extent of problem-solving, and then affect us to choose the strategy of problem-solving. (3)Self-regulation monitors the implement of problem-solving continuously from five directions, such as motivation, strategy, problem environment, evaluation and object. It penetrates into the whole process of experimental problem-solving through the influence on the problem representation, strategy choosing, experimental operation. (4)In the operation process of chemical experimental problem-solving, the effect of mental diathesis can't be ignored. A favorable mental diathesis can be in favor of the exertion of self-regulation level, then ensure us to represent problems precisely, choose solving strategy exactly and operate experiments successfully.