Theory Of Choice Of The University Employment Guidance Model

Under the graduate employment policy of "Mutual choice and non-designated assignment", the graduate job market has become an essential part of China' s workforce market. Market adjustment being a major force to decide graduate job placement, the social economic environment has a more and more significant effect on graduates. Since the global economic development has slowed down and more and more Chinese have been receiving advanced education since 1999, the job market in China is becoming more competitive, thus the issue of graduate job placement has drawn increasing attention of the society.The present research on graduate vocation guidance has been limited to the foreign vocation guidance theories or the summary of domestic practice, most of which are cliches without any originality. Even though people have recently attached more importance on the research on graduate career development, it does not help the graduates as much as expected for lack of systematic theory and in-depth analysis.Through the study and analysis of Fudan University, Jiaotong University and East China Normal University, three leading universities in graduate vocation guidance, the essay reaches the conclusion that after over ten years of development, the graduate vocation guidance in China has established job management as the guideline; trait/factor matching as the principal theory. It focuses on graduates and puts emphasis on job policy and job-seeking skills. The essay also proposes that to establish a theory and mode of vocation guidance is an urgent issue in the changing economic environment and with diversified needs of graduates.The essay makes an introduction to and a comparison of the latest development of vocation guidance in Japan, Hong Kong and USA since the 1990s. With the change of industrial structure and vocation change due to new economic model and technological development, the vocation guidance in the universities of the above areas has turned single job assignment into complex and comprehensive career development and employment service. They employs Super' s career development theory as the main guideline and provide various service according to different demands of graduates, including specific vocational training; they adopt trait/factor matching as well as decision-making theory in practice.Combining the review of domestic practice and the experience of the universities in Japan, Hong Kong and USA in this aspect, the essay proposes that the vocation guidance in university should become an essential part of the advanced education. The guidance should develop a career development theory and mode and construct a model consisting of career developmental phrases, corresponding tasks and behaviors for graduates. It believes that the four years of university study is a key period of one' s career development, during which one becomes aware of the jobseeking consciousness and has to establish the job orientation, to explore the job market and decide corresponding action to accomplish the goal. In order to ensure the realization of the career development model, the advanced education has to make more efforts in the following seven aspects: to help undergraduates build up career development conception; improve relevant courses; redefine the responsibility of the job placement department; strengthen the cooperation between the teaching and administrative departments; improve the job placement consultative service; make full use of network and introduce a reliable evaluation mechanism.