| Objective To get the message of growth and development of secondary school students and their nutritional status , and information about common ailments among them in Fenyang, and to explore influences of various factors on their growth and development ,nutritional status and common diseases, and thus to find out those dominating factors from them, in order to provide scientific basis for further developing aim-directed health education and carrying out nutritional interventions, so as to improve students' nutritional and health state, and synchronously provide scientific gist for school health and nutritional promotion in relatively underdeveloped region. Methods Dynamic observation was persisted for three years for their growth and nutritional status, adopting all freshmen of from a randomly selected school by means of unitary spot method. Medical check-up was taken to 2880 students varying from 12 to 16 from two randomly selected secondary schools in Fenyang in 2002. Indices of the check-up included height, weight, chest circumference, blood pressure, vital capacity, eyesight, heamoglobin and dental caries. To evaluate Fenyang secondary school students' height, weight, chest circumference, blood pressure and vital capacity as indices reflecting configurational and functional level; Such indices as weight-for-height standard, body mass index, height chest circumference index and height weight index were selected as parameters to evaluate students' nutritional status and somatotype. To calculate case rates of poor sight, dental caries, relatively high blood pressure and anaemia; To compare the corresponding indices with the result of investigation of Chinese students' body constitution and health in 2000. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to study the influence of relative low hemoglobin and nutritional status on growth and development of junior high school students. Results Compared with national level, in 13-15 year-group( male), chest circumference, body mass index, Vervaeck index, and diastolic blood pressure were higher, whereassystolic blood pressure, vital capacity, and vital capacity index were lower; in 12-16 year-group (female), chest circumference, Vervaeck index were higher, while systolic blood pressure, vital capacity, and vital capacity index were lower. Detection rates of relatively high blood pressure was 7.6% and 7.4%, case rates of anemia , 18.0% and 19.2%, and case rates of dental caries was 7.0% and 8.4% in male and female respectively. There are no obvious differences in the three indices between boys and girls. Case rates of poor sight was 67.3% and 80.8% in male and female respectively, which shows girls had poorer eyesight than boys. Compared with national level, case rates of poor sight were higher in all age groups for both male and female except 16-year-group. Case rates of mildly malnutrition were lower than national averages in both male and female 12-16 year-groups; incidence of relatively lower weight were lower than national averages in both male 13-15 year-group and female 14-15 year-group; incidence of overweight was higher in female 15-year-group. Case rates of obesities was 13.0% in male 14-year-group, and 8.4% in female 14-year-group, and 6.8% in female 15-year-group, all of which are higher than national averages. The result of BMI evaluation of overweight is in accordance with Weight-for-height standard method, and the result of BMI evaluation of obesity is lower than Weight-for-height standard method. The rates of narrow chest was 22.8% and 5.7%, and rates of wider chest was 36.0% and 61.1% in male and female respectively. Height-weight index was greater than upper limit of reference value range in male and female. Whether hemoglobin was normal or not had no influence on height, weight, systolic blood pressure, body mass, nor on Vervaeck index and height chest circumference index for male or female students, but nutritional status did influence Vervaeck index and height chest circumference index for either male or female students. Conclusion There exist certain differences in such aspects as students' growth and development, nutritional status and case rates of poor sight for secondary school students in Fenyang compared with national level in these respects. Active nutritional interventions should be implemented to prevent obesity and anaemia, and active... |
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