Martial Arts Athletes Aggressive Behavior, The Experimental Studies Of Implicit Social Cognition

Human being have paid attention to aggressive behaviors for a very long time, as Parke, R.D.& S1aby,R.G. said,"In the past century almost no other programs had attracted so much attention of theoretical and practical research like aggressive behavior and its control."Researchers from both home and abroad have made studies of aggressive behaviors from different angles, which mainly focus on the aspects of the definition of aggressive behaviors, the internal mechanisms, the influencing factors, the controls and the interventions.As a traditional Chinese sports program, martial arts has a very important position in both the sports fields and the cultural fields in China. Because of long-time training and competition, martial arts sportsmen have shown not only their strong competitive awareness and skills in competitions, but also their features of being active and aggressive in their daily lives, so there are often fights and blows exchanges. With further research into the study of aggressive behaviors, researchers are paying more attention to research in aggressive behaviors from people's internal psychological features. But up till now there is not much research on the aggressive behaviors of martial arts sportsmen, especially those from the aspect of covert social cognition. Thus, based on the study of other researchers, the author of this paper makes a study with the method of covert social cognition, and compares the differences of covert aggression and self-control of the martial arts sportsmen, sportsmen from other fields and average students to discover the nature of the aggressive behaviors of the martial arts sportsmen.Experiment 1: The experimental study of the social cognition of the aggressive behaviors of martial arts sportsmen. The experiment is done with the task-separation scheme of the covert social cognition to study the social and cognitive features of the aggressive behaviors of martial arts sportsmen from the covert and extrovert aspects. The results are as follows: 1) Compared with sportsmen from other fields and average students, martial arts sportsmen do not have different cognitive abilities, and they have similar covert social cognitive levels. 2) There are no differences of preference types. They all belong to aggressors, i.e., they all have covert aggressiveness. 3) Martial arts sportsmen have stronger aggressiveness than average students, but there are no differences in aggressiveness between martial arts sportsmen and other sportsmen. 4) There are differences in re-cognition between male samples and female samples, that is, male samples'recognition ability of pictures is a little better than females'. Both males and females have stronger internal aggressiveness, and males have stronger aggressiveness than females.Experiment 2: The experimental study of the covert and extrovert self-control levels of martial arts sportsmen. With the use of Nowicki-Strickland's adult covert/extrovert control table and the method of projective testing, the paper explores the levels of self-control of martial arts sportsmen with the testing pattern of open collective questionnaires. The results are as follows: there are not statistic differences in covert and extrovert self-controls among martial arts sportsmen compared with sportsmen from other fields and average students. Although martial arts sportsmen have stronger covert aggressiveness than average students, with the instruction of their stronger covert self-control, they can efficiently prevent aggressive behaviors from happening before these behaviors happen.Experiment 3: The experimental study of the influence of covert self-control on covert aggressiveness. With the preference testing of covert social cognitive research, the paper explores the conditions of covert aggressiveness among those martial arts sportsmen who have super self-controls with indirect methods. The results are as follows: those who have stronger self-controls have weaker covert aggressiveness, and those who have weaker self-controls have stronger covert aggressiveness. The strength of self-control directly influences the methods to deal with eruptive events and determines whether aggressive behaviors happen or not.We can summarize from the above experiments and make the following conclusion: martial arts sportsmen have stronger covert aggressiveness compared with average students, and the strength of aggressiveness is directly determined by the strength of their self-controls. Martial arts sportsmen who have especially low self-controls often owe difficulties and setbacks to external factors, and have strong aggressive behaviors when they come across setbacks or eruptive events. The experimental results from this research enrich the theoretical results of the covert social cognition study of aggressive behaviors, and are of active and instructive meaning to help people have better understanding of aggressive behaviors and prevent the happenings of aggressive behaviors, and of important practical meaning for the instruction of martial arts training and competitions.