| In this study, by giving a survey to 620 postgraduates in Zhejiang universities and colleges, the sports attitudes and behaviors of them were well researched by documentation, survey, mathematical statistics and logical analysis which based on the theories of sociology, behavioral science and psychology . According to the study of the status of postgraduates'sports attitudes and behaviors, we could find the existing problems and analyze the affecting factors to sports behaviors. Invention strategies were discussed to enhance the graduates` physical training later. It aimed at improving their ways of life, promoting harmonious and healthy development of both mind and body and providing reference for decision-making for the management of graduate education, school sports and the education department.The results showed: (1) Generally speaking, although the postgraduate students had positive sports attitudes with a better understanding of it, together with their sports emotions followed it, yet they considerably paid a less attention to their sports intentions in Zhejiang higher educational departments. Sports attitudes of postgraduates had significantly differences in different genders. Male's sports attitudes were better than female's. (2) Lack of enough sports behaviors. The amount of frequent exercise was 25.9%, which is a far cry from the task of the first phase of the second period of the"National Fitness Program"(2001-2005). The average amount of physical exercise time was 114 minutes per week. Only 10% of the total surveyed had more than 300 minutes'exercise time per week. The Ministry of Education initiated the"Have physical exercise one hour a day, work healthily 50 years, live happily whole life."What we got from the surveyed is a long way from it. (3)The amount of total time and times of physical exercise had significant differences in different genders. It showed that male graduates were better in this point than female. (4)There was positive correlation with highly significant differences between the sports attitude and behavior for the postgraduates. (5)The most emergent five factors that affected sports behaviors included"inert","heavy study burden, physical and mental fatigue","heavy research tasks, a lack of time","a lack of sports atmosphere","lack of sports venues"and"poor facilities and exercise equipment".(6) The P.E played an important role in promoting sports behaviors for the postgraduate students, and particularly had a role for female postgraduates. In sports times, there were highly significant differences of different genders in universities where there was no P.E.. While in universities that had P.E., the differences between the genders were not so much significant.(7)The graduate students had various exercise items. They mainly took long walks and running. Both the male and female were engaged in table tennis, badminton, swimming and climbing mountains. They showed different gender characteristics, hobbies, interests and other aspects in the selection of sports projects. (8)The motivation to participate in sports had a trend of diversification. Among them,"to strengthen their physiques"was the first cause. (9) The health status of some graduate students were poor and the overall pressure situation was not optimistic. 60% of graduate students were in a state of stress. Only 15.2% of the graduate students were in certain healthy conditions, while 16.9% students were in pain or under serious pressure. (10) Sports exercise was positively correlated with the physical health. On healthy feeling of self-assessment, the sports population of postgraduates were better than the occasional sports participants and the occasional ones were better than non-participants. (11) Postgraduates were in high demands for the physical education, but few schools could meet their demands.Suggestion: (1) Make full use of propaganda tools to help the postgraduates to form correct sports attitudes. (2) Colleges and universities should attach importance of sports to post-graduates, and launch the"Sunshine Sports Program"in postgraduates. Students should have one hour of physical training every day. (3)Guide postgraduate students to establish correct ways to manage their time and stresses. (4) Strive to improve the utilization of existing facilities and sports fields for postgraduates. (5) At this stage, we need have P.E class and develop the class which is suitable for the physical and psychological characteristics of postgraduates. (6)Improve and perfect the system of school sports competitions. (7) Establish and improve postgraduate sports community, and actively create a good atmosphere for lively physical training. (8) Establish postgraduate sports clubs to promote genuine national fitness movement in postgraduates, promoting friendship and building a good platform for exchanges. (9) Complement the"National Standards for Physical Exercise"for postgraduate students , and check their health regularly. Strengthen the physical monitoring and spiritual care. |
PDF Full Text Request