Analysis Of Speed ​​walking Technology Development Status And The Athletes' Age Characteristics

Race walking is the only special requirement event in track and field, and it is one of the preponderant competitive sports programs in our nation. Thanks to the implementation of the policy of "the plan of bringing honor from Olympic Games and the whale nation system, our country's heel-to-toe walking race athletes have performed very well in all levels of sports event in the world over the years. For example, Yueling Chen wan the women's 10 km walk gold medal in Barcelona Olympic Games 1992, Liping Wang wan the women's 20km walk gold medal in Sydney Olympic Games 2000, the race make the project formed a key project of China's track and field. Race Walking is one of the preponderant competitive sports programs in our nation, and it plays a vital role in the Chinese Olympic Gold Medal Winning Program. The rules and competition features of artistic Race Walking constitute requirements for age. There exist some problems in the selection, cultivation and usage of the gymnasts in our country, especially in training control of senior athletes and maintaining of competitive ability. By researching the competitive ability and characteristics of the competitive age of the Chinese elite Race Walking, it has important realistic significance either in preparation for 2008 Olympic Games or guiding the development of the sports practice.This research takes the dynamic angle of view, and takes the Excellent Race Walking members and trainers during the Athens 2004 Olympic Games, 2007 11th IAAF World Championships in Athletics and 2008 Beijing Olympic Games as the research objects. By applying the methods of documentary information, experts interview, questionnaire investigation, statistics and comparison, this article compared the characteristics of the competitive age of the world's and Chinese elite Race Walking since 21 century, and analyzed the influential factors of the competitive age of the elite Race Walking in our country, in order to probe the measures of prolonging the competitive age.The research indicates that entering new century, the cycle which becoming an outstanding Race Walking is shortening constantly, the age which displays a good result is being advanced constantly, Race Walking reach the world level between 16-18 years old, proved that early scientific special training is a main development trend all over the world; the best competitive age of the world's elite Race Walking obviously increased, the life-span of sport is lengthened constantly, the competitive age of the male and female Race Walking basically reach 30 years old, proved that the training of senior athletes is paid more attention, the training quality is improved and the life-span of sport is maximally lengthened in the world. The sport life-span of elite Race Walking in our country is 13 years younger than the world's. The elite Race Walking of our country all retired in the best age and it is a phenomenon of premature senility. The training factor and humanistic and social factor are the most important factor which influencing the competitive age of Chinese elite Race Walking. The countermeasures of this current situation: raising the level of coaches and building a reasonable match; strengthening the theoretical research on the training of senior athletes; establishing a rational management of athletes and competition system and giving full play to the leverage of competition.