Relationship Of Students' Cognitive Styles And Career Choices

With the development of education enterprise, higher education entered from the stage of elite education to public education rapidly. Because of the expansion of student recruitment scale, the graduate quantity has increased widely. It becomes more difficult for the students to find jobs when they graduate, which must affect their vocational choices. There are many factors that affect the college students' vocational choices, such as family, public opinion, university, area, living environment, outlook of value, hobby etc. Field independence and field dependence, as one dimension of individual differences, are not only reflected in the cognitive activities of consciousness, attention, memory and problem solving, but also in social communication, vocational choice, psychology defense mechanism and so on. There are many researches on the relationship between cognitive style and vocational choice abroad, but few in China. Especially in recent years there are almost no researches on college students based on their recent situation. So it is necessary to make an intensive research on relationship between cognitive style and vocational choice of college students'. Based on the related literature review, by selecting 130 students in Shandong Jianzhu University at random, among whom 71 are boys and 59 are girls, 71 are students of liberal arts and 59 are students of science, this paper uses questionnaire survey to collect data and some conclusions could be drawn from it. Through analyzing and proofing to the result, at the end some suggestions for education have been raised according to the conclusion.The following conclusions could be drawn from the research:(1) There are no obvious gender differences of college students in cognitive style, but the differences between liberal arts and science are remarkable. Students of science prefer to field independence.(2) The gender differences of college students are obvious in vocational interest. Marks on reality type differ greatly between males and females, in which males prefer to real activities, and marks on research type also differ obviously, in which males prefer to research activities. Marks on vocational reality also have great differences between males and females, in which males are inclined to choose real occupations, and marks on vocational research have great differences, in which males are inclined to choose research occupations.(3) The vocational interest differs obviously between students of liberal arts and science. Differences are great in reality type, in which students of science prefer real activities, and differences are great in operation type, in which students' of liberal arts prefer to operational activities. Marks on type of vocational reality also have great differences, in which students of science are inclined to real occupations, and marks on vocational operation have great differences, in which students of liberal arts are inclined to operating occupations. (4) The vocational interest of different cognitive styles differs remarkably. Students of field independent are inclined to activities of social type, power type and operation type, and prefer to choose research and operation occupations.(5) In the activity part of college students' cognitive style and vocational choice social type, power type, operation type and convention type are remarkable negative correlations, and in the vocation part research type, artistic type, power type, operation type and convention type are prominent negative correlations.(6) In the activity part of college students' cognitive style and vocational choice social type, power type, operation type and convention type are negative predictors, and in the vocation part research type, artistic type, power type, operation type and convention type forecast negatively...