A Study On The System Of Emission Trading

Environmental problem is one of the great risks of China's economic and social future development, and which is also a global problem. Greenhouse effect, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and other environmental issues knoll the alarm to human constantly, which warning people the route of "develop first, clean up later" is not feasible. The system of emissions trading is an environmental economic policy that people to solve the contradiction between increasing serious environmental problem and economic development, which is made by the U.S. economist Dales in the 70's 20th century. The core idea of emissions trading system is to adhere to the principle of total control of the environment, establish a legitimate right of pollutant emissions, and allow this right like merchandise transactions between the units in the sewage, in order to control the emission of pollutants purposes. Essence of Emissions trading is regarded environmental capacity as a property rights, make use of market instruments, prompting companies to increase pollution control measures to continuously reduce pollutant emissions, to minimize the cost to achieve maximum economic and environmental benefits. Emissions trading system is used in the United States Environmental Protection widely, and achieved a good result and are being gradually extended to other countries, China also introduced the system of emission trading successfully at the last century.This article from such basic issues of emissions trading system as the concept,the legal property,theoretical basis,based on the departure of pollution-discharge right trade practices, and analyzed the successful experience for reference on the basis of the United States, it is concluded that some realistic problems of emissions trading system development in our country, including the following aspects. Firstly, emissions trading policy and regulations are not perfect. Secondly, the initial quota allocation of emission rights is imperfect. The third is lack of emissions monitoring and regulatory capacity. The Fourth is the rights emission of market transactions is smaller. The fifth is the relationship between rights of emission and existing environmental policies is not clear. Aiming at these problems,combined with the new requirements of circular economy, the further establishment and improvement of proposed emissions trading system and method was put forward, not only to alleviate the increasingly serious environmental situation in China but also achieve economic and social sustainable development. Specifically, the following measures should be took. Firstly, make the initial allocation of emissions trading clear. Secondly, try to sound the norms of emission trading system. Thirdly, make the legal of emissions trading system perfect. The fourth is to improve the system of emissions trading policy. The fifth is to improve the technical support emissions trading. The sixth is to locate the administrative functions of emissions trading system.