The Ecological Footprints And Ecological Capacity At Gansu Qilian Mountains National Nature Reserve

Qilian Mountains is the"life line"of Hexi Corridor of Gansu province, and is the ecological barrier of Northwest of china. The Government has paid much attention to the ecological protection and governance in Qilian Mountains. In 2010,the Government decided to"changed the Farmers and pastoralists in the core area of nature reserve to ecological management workers gradually, and to speed up the transfer of rural surplus labor in buffer of nature reserve.'Just as this opportunity, with the way of footprint theory, the ecological footprint, ecological capacity, ecological of Qilian Mountains were calculated and analyzed. And the result can reveal the natural resources of nature reserve; it should supply a reference for resources sustainable use, ecological protection, the immigration of farmers and pastoralists in the core area of nature reserve and the ecological compensation. The main results as follows:(1)With a new classification, the 12 categories of land groups which were used in forest inventory for management plan were ranged 6 categories of biological productive areas, and the footprints after this classification were more realistic. This new classification provides a new thought for other similar research.(2)The overall ecological footprint demand and supply trends of Qilian Mountains nature reserve were ecological deficit, the ecological deficit was 1.1561hm~2, 42.8% of footprint 2.7013hm~2. The import and export trade in the county (district) of Qilian Mountains National Nature Reserve were relatively small, so the effect of import and export trade on the ecological footprint were little. Thus, the development of the research areas in 2009 was not in a sustaining condition.(3)The footprints of the Sunan county which in the northwest of nature reserve were 6.3501hm~2, much higher than the 1.7011hm~2 of Tianzhu county which in the southeast of nature reserve, higher than the average level of nature reserve 2.7013hm~2, it also higher than Gansu province in 2009 2.4486hm~2. This showed that the people living standard of Sunan County in nature reserve higher than the average level of nature reserve, also higher than Gansu province in 2009. The people living standard of the Tianzhu County in nature reserve was lower than Gansu province. (4)The ecological footprints per 104 yuan of nature reserve was 2.0797hm~2, higher than the 1.9023hm~2 of Gansu province in 2009, this showed that the resource utilization efficiency in nature reserve were lower than the average level of Gansu Province. As the differences between the Tianzhu county, Sunan county and nature reserve were small, and the small differences may come form the error of statistics, so it is difficult to compare them.(5)The pasture footprint of nature reserve was 1.9545hm~2, it was the 72.35% of footprints 2.7013hm~2, and it was the 4.3 times of ecological capacity 0.4538hm~2. this showed that the main mode of production was grassland farming, the people mainly depends on the excessive use of grassland to survive.