A Dissertation Submitted For The Degree Of Master Of Environmental Science

The technology of substrate utilization in rural solid waste is carried out through the fermentation process; make the substrate which can be used for mushroom cultivation, in order to realize the purpose of solid waste utilization technology. We use the cow dung, garlic stalks and other rural solid waste, according to certain these materials mixing ratio, after fermentation, the secondary fermentation, make the substrate for mushroom cultivation. Through experiments and demonstration projects, we see that:①With local climatic conditions, economic development, and local distribution of solid waste in rural areas, we can cultivate Agaricus bisporus in large-scale in Erhai Lake Basin. According to the actual local conditions, in the Dali area, we can take full advantage of the local rural solid waste such as cow dung, garlic stalks, straw, etc. In the winter season we can cultivate mushroom in a large-scale, and cultivate high temperature mushrooms, straw mushroom and so on in summer.②We use the garlic straw and cow dung and other solid waste in rural areas, in different conditions, different proportions of research cultivate the Agaricus mushrooms successfully, and achieve two optimal formula. Formula One: dry cow dung 30%, garlic straw 30%, straw (16cm) 40%, gypsum powder, calcium superphosphate, rice bran, urea 1%, pH 8-8.5, water content 65%. Formula II:dry cow dung powder 40%, garlic straw 40%, straw(16cm)20%, gypsum powder, calcium superphosphate, rice bran, urea 1%, pH 7-7.5, water content 65%.We can obtain higher economic returns.③Through the correlation analysis, we can see that during the fermentation process substrate temperature changes have nothing to do with the room temperature. From the experimental results, the ingredients of garlic straw have no influence on substrate fermentation. The temperature changes during the decomposition of differences were not significant. Decomposition of the fermentation process takes less than 10 days, as opposed to natural fermentation, time is greatly reduced.④Agaricus bisporus cultivation in the traditional process, because of the the garlic straw have allicin in the antimicrobial effect, so there is no garlic straw added in the substrate. In this experiment, due to local environmental conditions for the utilization of garlic stalks, we added a certain proportion of the garlic stalks in Agaricus bisporus cultivation process. The experimental results show that in Agaricus bisporus cultivation process, adding a certain proportion of the garlic stalks, can also be cultivated out of Agaricus bisporus, and will not significantly affect the yield.⑤The technology of substrate processing.(cow dung 85% water content) When we use per square meter Gu chuang,we can handle about 11 kg of dry cow dung, about 77 kg of fresh cow dung, and we can use of 770 tons of fresh cow dung a year.