Research On Ecosystem Services Evaluation Of The Modern Yellow River Delta Wetland Based On 3S Technology

The Yellow River Delta wetland is an important estuary wetland which has international significance, as affected by sea, land and rivers, it develops various types of wetland and special ecological environment which lead them to very important ecological service function value. Basing on multiple comprehensive studies of wetland ecological service function and value evaluation achievement, this paper established the technical system that combines 3S technology with ecological economics and environment economics, and moreover, the system also uses high-resolution image to get value evaluation of small scale regional ecosystem services of the modern Yellow River Delta wetland. Under the guidance of this system, we have ecological service function evaluation research of the modern Yellow River Delta wetland.First, using the modern Yellow River Delta wetland classification system as the key link to obtain the modern Yellow River Delta wetland landscape pattern of the years in 2004 and 2009 separately and analyze their dynamic changes. During the five years, it not only exits the transformation of non-wetland to wetland, but also the transformation of wetland to non-wetland, but the general trend for the area of wetland is decreasing while the area of non-wetland is increasing. In the internal of wetland shows that the area of natural wetland is decreasing and the area of artificial wetland is increasing. During various types of the wetland, the reed swamp-meadow wetland, aquaculture pond and salt wetland have the largest changes. The main causes of this change are not only natural factors but also human factors such as oilfield development, agricultural production, large-scale beach reclamation and breed aquatics.On the basis of analyzing the studied area of wetland landscape and the evaluation system which is established in this paper, estimate each ecosystem service function value of modern Yellow River Delta wetland, respectively. In addition, analyze ecosystem service function value of the modern Yellow River Delta wetland from value structure and spatial distribution. The results prove that the material production function value and nutritional substance circular function value are the main ecological service functions of the research area, which account for 25.22% and 22.57%, respectively. The proportion of soil erosion control and protection function value is the minimum, only accounts for 2.06%. However, judging from the spatial distribution, the overall distribution trend of wetland ecosystem service value is increasing from inland to shallow water; the ecosystem service value of the reed swamp-meadow wetland is higher than other areas.Combining the analysis results of the modern Yellow River Delta wetland landscape patterns and ecological system service value, analyze the changes of ecosystem service value of studied area from 2004 to 2009, and the results prove that the total value is changing from 100.30 billion RMB to 96.59 billion RMB which reduces by 3.71 billion RMB. In addition that the material production function value is in growth trend, the rest of ecological service function values are all reduced to a different extent. In the various types of wetland, the ecological service function value of the reed swamp-meadow wetland has the largest change; the value reduces to 6.48 billion RMB in the five years.Finally, on the basis of the study, have special ecological value estimation of the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve and get the results that the total value of wetland ecological service function is 34.09 billion RMB which accounts for 33.98% of the modern Yellow River Delta ecological service function total value. By comparing with the relative entire area, we can get that as the national key reserves, the Yellow River Delta wetland is far from achieving its ecosystem service. Therefore, a large amount of fund should be invested and the construction and ecological management should be strengthened in the future.