Research On Effects Of Ulstrasonic Waves On Wool Fiber Reactive Dyeing In Low Temperature

Conventional wool dyeing is carried out with acid dyes in boiling temperature, which not only affect the quality of products(wool fibers are easily damaged and yellowed),but also cause considerable consumption of energy. The application of ultrasonic wave in low temperature dyeing can effectively avoid those shortcomings. Ultrasonic wool dyeing can increase dye uptake rate and the speed of dyeing, and reduce wool fiber damages. The ultrasonic wool dyeing is used to shorten the dyeing time to a great extent.As a result, ultrasonic wool dyeing is an effective way to save production time, improve dyeing quality and reduce energy consumption together with pollution.Wool fiber low-temperature dyeing experiment was conducted using reactive dye,with ultrasonic waves working. By single-factor ANOVA,the effect of ultrasonic dyeing process parameters on dye uptake rate was studied. By orthogonal experiment,the process parameters were optimized and then verified.The different dyeing dynamic performance,with and without ultrasonic waves, were investigated and compared. Impact of ultrasonic promoting methods on dyeing effect was discussed to find how to promote dyeing. Meanwhile,the set state is also considered to have some influence on dyeing effect. The main work and conclusions are as follows:(1) Single-factor ANOVA was applied to see if the ultrasonic dyeing process parameter is significant. As the experiment shown, dyeing temperature, pH value, dye concentration and additives concentration have significant effects on balance dyeing rate, while dyeing time, bath ratio, and sodium sulfate concentration show less significant. In orthogonal experiment,the dye duptake rate,dye fixation rate,K/S value, color difference and color fastness were tested to get the optical dyeing process parameters:dyeing temperature of 60℃, dyeing time of 150 min, pH value of 4.0, dye concentration of 1.5%(o.w.f.), additive concentration of 1.5%(o.w.f.), Sodium Sulfate concentration of 0%(o.w.f.).(2) Draw the dyeing speed curve was depicted to study dyeing process of ultrasonic low temperature dyeing wool fiber with reactive dyes. During the whole dyeing period, the dye uptake rate with ultrasonic waves was higher than that without ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic dyeing enjoyed a faster dyeing speed in the initial time. The cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves can accelerate the diffusion of dyes inside fiber,so the ultrasonic dye diffusion coefficients is 1.64 times of the conventional dye diffusion coefficients.Ct/C∞～t12 curve shows the role of ultrasonic waves includes eliminating the fiber surface obstacle.The application of ultrasonic technology can cut half-dyeing time about 50%.The dyeing speed constant was also brought to 58.9% higer than the conventional one.(3) In order to achieve the maximun effect of the ultrasonic dyeing, the impact of ultrasonic promoting methods on dyeing effect was explored. The optimal treatment configuration was:A. ultrasonic pretreatment of dyeing liquid for 40 min; B. ultrasonic dyeing for 150 min; C. ultrasonic color fixation for 15 min. Dyeing experiments show that the effect of ultrasonic treatment role combination was remarkable. And if fibesr were closely compacted, there was a greater improvement in dye uptake rate, color fixation rate,color depth and levelness for ultrasonic dyeing.