The Study On Marginal Opportunity Cost Pricing Of Environmental Resources

At present, the concept of low cost even valueless of environmental resources and itsreflections in theories and policies has resulted in these resources having been wasted anddamaged arbitrarily. Therefore, we urgently need a reasonable pricing method for the value ofenvironmental resources. Marginal Opportunity Cost Pricing can compensate for the defects ofthe traditional methods of environmental resource pricing, production costs, consumption costs,and external costs of environmental resources also be taken into consideration, it is of significantmeanings in utilization of resources, ecological construction and environmental protection. On thebasis of the review of current research situation home and abroad about the related papers,thisstudy is to carry on a deeper research on the Marginal Opportunity Cost Pricing from theperspective of environmental resources, and strive to have a new breakthrough in the study of thismethod with broadening the connotation and assessment perspective of Marginal User Cost andMarginal External Costs based on the traditional theory of Marginal Opportunity Cost. Above all,it comes up with a theoretical framework of the pricing for the Marginal Opportunity Cost ofenvironmental resources,arguing that the environmental resources price should equal its MarginalOpportunity Cost, while Marginal Opportunity Cost is made up by Marginal Opportunity Cost(MPC), Marginal User Cost (MUC) and Marginal External Cost (MEC), and then studies themeasurement of these three costs respectively, thus puts forward a concrete estimating method foreach cost. In the second place, based on the theoretical study of this pricing method, anexplanation is carried out by giving the example of the forest environmental resources valuecalculation of the Mount Longqishan Natural Reserve. It calculates MPC of Longqishan forestenvironmental resources by using the direct estimating method, calculates MUC from the angle ofresources use choice, and calculates MUC by using Shadow Project Method, Market ValueMethod, Contingent Valuation Method, and so on. the calculated results of MOC: the forestenvironmental resources price of unit area in the Mount Longqishan Natural Reserve is71344.54Yuan/(hm~2·a), the total price of the forest environmental resources in the Reserve will be10.79×10~8Yuan/a. Finally it sums up the study, makes the conclusion clear and analyzes theshortcomings in the study.This study is divided into nine parts. The content of each part is as follows: Part Ⅰ introduces the background and significance of the subject, the objective, principalmethod proposed, main content and technical route of this study, and brings forth the potentialinnovations;Part Ⅱ basically reviews relevant documents,sums up the research trends at home and abroad,and makes a comment on domestic and international researches;Part Ⅲ is mainly to explore the theoretical basis of the value pricing of environmentalresources, including the connotations and characteristics of environmental resources, the theory,composition and classification of the value of environmental resources, and its pricing theory,etc.;Part Ⅳ is primarily to explore the basic theory for the Marginal Opportunity Cost pricingmethods, and to discuss the pricing objects, the opportunity cost, the pricing mechanism ofMarginal Opportunity Cost, and the framework building of the pricing method for MarginalOpportunity Cost;Part Ⅴ, Part Ⅵ and Part Ⅶ carries on a study on the measurement of Marginal productioncosts (MPC), Marginal user cost (MUC), Marginal external cost (MEC) of the environmentalresources respectively, brings up a concrete estimating method, and then analyzes it;Part Ⅷ gives an example of the value calculation of the forest environmental resources inMount Longqishan Natural Reserve, through which, it reasons the pricing method for theMarginal Opportunity Cost of environmental resources with example analysis. The result offorest environmental resources of the Longqishan Reserve is as follows:MPC=109.5Yuan/(hm~2·a), MUC=16553.64Yuan/(hm~2·a), MEC=54681.4Yuan/(hm~2·a);MPC+MUC+MEC=MOC=71344.54Yuan/(hm~2*a). It means that as the forest environmentalresources price of unit area in the Mount Lonqishan Natural Reserve is71344.54Yuan/(hm~2·a),the total price of the forest environmental resources in the Reserve will be10.79×10~8Yuan/a.Part IX chiefly sums up the study, makes an analysis on the limitations in this study.