Research On Landscape Planning Of The River-typed Chanba National Wetland Park In Semi-arid And Semi-humid Region

In the background of the rising concept on the ecology, low-carbon, sustainable development, this paper selects the Chanba National Wetland Park as study object, which analyzes and summarizes the general theory and method on the National Wetland Park planning and design from the status research field. Toward the Chanba National Wetland Park and the located region, this paper studies the features of the semi-arid and semi-humid region, river-typed wetland and city park one by one. It analyses and summarizes the typical features of"arid climate and water-shortage and the slow ecological process","seasonal changes in water source","continuous demand for multi-purposes living space"and etc.In the basis of the scenario planning theory and methods, it takes the planning ideas and strategies of the typical-features Chanba National wetland as simulation object, carries out a series of scenario under different planning idea and strategies, as well as find and put forward the core problem of this paper: the contradiction between the long-term ecological benefits and the short-term economic benefits. The conflict between the natural habitats protection and the human interference, from the planning level to understand the core issues, those issues are how to planning the national wetland park in the typical characteristics? What kind of wetland park will being under this plan?For the core issues, this paper takes discuss and research work at four aspects from concept, economy, macro-pattern to layout model. It advances"dynamic"values-oriented direction, which provides a fair and reasonable platform for the distribution of benefits and return on investment among the main group of the park development and construction; it presents the"minimum"principle, which provides a positive elasticity range for the development and construction of the national wetland park, leaving space for the market regulation. Acting on the interpretation of the national legislation, the interpretation of the national legislation, the extension on the industrial economic theories and methods, proposes a"wetland industrial economy"which is a self-operating mode for the national wetland. Those methods and mode not only ensure the wetland's ecological attribution as the subject of a national wetland, but also construct the organic growth industrial layout for the wetland project, which provide the basic strategies for the conflict between the long-term ecological benefits and the short-term economic benefits, that is the problem that how to plan the wetland park under the typical characteristics.Under the direction of the"dynamic"values, this paper take landscape ecology, landscape urbanism, ecological urbanism, ecological economics as a guide, based on the "minimum" principle, proposed the"dynamic derivative"circle layout model. Based on the"patch-corridor-matrix"classic mode of landscape ecology, at the macro level establish the basic framework for natural ecosystems as the landscape of artificial features as skeleton of recreational facilities and then guide the meso level; at the meso level, using the"layered mosaic"approach, establish the natural derivative mechanism, artificial derivative mechanism and buffer derived layer, it puts forward the ideas of circle penetration to integrate the natural environment and artificial environment; at the micro level, it emphasis the landscape design concepts and methods that is nature and human would"exchange"each other. Through the establishment of landscape planning and design system covered from macro level to micro level, which provide a elaborate solution for this core issue"the conflict between the natural habitats and human interference way", that is what kind of wetland park will being under this plan.Finally, this paper takes Xi'an Chanba National Wetland Park as an example, from the macro level which is discussing the construction of the landscape pattern as ecological priority, to the meso level which is discussing the landscape planning approach of circle penetration, then to the micro level, which discourses upon the communication-oriented landscape design ideas. From the top to bottom, it systemic discusses the solution for the core issues to some extent, which is feasible and innovative.