The Research On Urban Wetland Park Planning And Design In Respect Of Birds Habitat Preservation

With urban environment more and more artificialized, bird habitats in the city gradually narrowed and destructed, and the birds'species and quantity in the urban areas growingly decreaced, the problems about relationship between human beings and birds as well as the relationship between human beings and nature are being attached important to us currently.Theory and Methods of Urban Wetland Park Planning and Design based on preserving bird habitats were discussed and demonstrated with the example of Nanchang Aixi Lake Wetland Park chiefly by adopting the methods of literature synthesis and site investigation in this article.First, the characteristics of urban birds were analyzed, Then it was clearly made that the main protected bird species in the urban wetland park including songbirds, swimming birds, and wading birds. The ecological habits and the habitat requirements of these three birds were summarized finally.Second, The main influence of natural factors and artificial factors on bird habitats were summarized and the correlation between birds and their habitats impact factors was analyzed from the following five aspects, such as the relationship between birds and plants landscape, birds and the park area, birds and landscape type, birds of feeding adaptability for urbanization and flush distance.Third, the principles and procedures for bird habitats planning and design in the Urban Wetland Park were proposed respectively and the methods of Urban Wetland Park planning and design based on preserving bird habitats were discussed from the following eight aspects,including functional area designated habitat, improvement of integration for park green, site selection and design,shoreline landscape design, landscape planning and design of plants, water planning and design, service facilities design and the design of wetland animal habitats.Forth, the theories should combined with practices.The planing/design ideas and methods proposed in the article were applied to the research of Nanchang Aixi Lake Wetland Park with the purpuse to validate the scientific and rational aspects of theoretical research. The urban wetland park of habitat protection not only satisfies people's landscape demand, but also plays a role of protecting the city birds, reflecting the landscape of uniqueness and ecology. Environmental factors, including the geography, the climate, human disturbance and so on, should be considered in specific planning and design, then the research results will be applied widely.