Governance Under The Theory Waters Oil Spill Emergency Response System

Ocean is the strategic base for human survival and sustainable development. Marine economy is playing an increasingly important role in the development of the world economy. Marine transportation, as an important component of the marine economy, has made significant contribution to human society with its rapid development, however, the oil spill pollution incidents of ships, particularly oil tankers, has also brought great risks to marine environmental protection. Currently, the marine oil spill pollution incident has become a worldwide disaster. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish and improve marine oil spill emergency response system, for the marine environment protection and the economic and social sustainable development.With the feature of non-exclusive and non-competitive in the sense of consumption, marine oil spill prevention and control is a typical public good. Today, the country is vigorously implementing the strategy of marine development, which also proposes a new request to the government's capacity of social management and public service on how to effectively combat marine oil spill pollution and protect marine environment. Shenzhen is a typical coastal city with excellent marine resources. Ever since the date of establishment of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, great importance has been attached to marine development, utilization and protection. Along with the continuous deepening of reform and opening up and modernization, marine oil spill pollution prevention and control is also facing the requirement of innovation, just like the supply of the other public goods. The establishment of marine oil spill emergency response system is a fundamental means to effectively implement marine oil pollution prevention and control. In order to adapt to the new requirements of the changing environment, the marine oil spill pollution emergency response system should be examined and innovated in a new theoretical perspective and thinking.Governance theory, as a new conceptual framework and the administrative model, has been gradually recognized, accepted and used by the government. On the basis of systematic review of marine oil spill pollution prevention and control work in Shenzhen, this paper analyzes the defects exist in the current marine oil spill emergency response system in Shenzhen. From the five aspects of composition, power and responsibility distribution, operation mechanism, institutional factors, resources and environment, this paper try to figure out the origin of disorder. Based on the target of building a government guided marine oil spill pollution emergency response system, in which the power and responsibility and the coordination and cooperation are shared by the government-market-society, this paper proposes six measures from the aspects of cultivating main social participations, improving power and responsibility system, improving incentive and restraint mechanisms, promoting institutional building, strengthen propaganda and optimizing government structure, so as to provide references for promoting marine environmental protection and marine economic sustainable development in Shenzhen, as well as the whole country.