Chemical Composition, Antioxidant And Antibacterial Activity Of Artemisia Lavandulaefolia

Artemisia lavandulaefolia is a perennial herb, which to belong to Asteraceae family Artemisia genus, widely distributed in China. Its biomass is huge. It is different from other plants in Artemisia genus, A. lavandulaefolia is both medicinal and food. In order to clarify the chemical composition and biological activities of A. lavandulaefolia, developing and utilization its resources, we used response surface method and ultrasonic to optimize the extraction of total flavonoids of A. lavandulaefolia polysaccharides, and detected the total antioxidant activity of flavonoids in vitro, we proved the relationship about the seasonal variation of total flavonoids with the total antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of A. lavandulaefolia, we used Microwave-ICP-AES method detected main mineral elements contents of A. lavandulaefolia, and used simultaneous distillation and microwave assisted extracted the volatile oil of A lavandulaefolia and used GC-MS isolated and identify its composition. The results are as follows.1. In this article the ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides extracted from A. lavandulaefolia can be used, and founded the various factors effected the ultrasonic extraction of polysaccharides of A. lavandulaefolia. In this experiment response surface methodology is used, got the best conditions of ultrasonic extraction polysaccharides of A. lavandulaefolia, and applied good industrial production method for the A. lavandulaefolia. And creation a quadratic polynomial mathematical model about the extraction process of polysaccharide from A. lavandulaefolia. The effections of each factor were analyzed. The results showed that the higher degree of model fitting, the testing error is smaller. These results showed that the optimum ultrasonic assisted extraction parameters were ultrasonic time 35.30 min, extraction temperature 70.46℃, and ratio of water to raw material 40 mL/g. The experimental values agree with the predicted value 6.71% from the regression model within a relative error of 3.78%. The study on the antioxidant activity of A. lavandulaefolia polysaccharide shows that the total antioxidant capacity of A. lavandulaefolia polysaccharide was relatively strong, and scavenging ability on DPPH free radical was clear.2. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions of total flavonoids from A. lavandulaefolia. Based on the preparatory experiment, four-factors-three levels Box-behnken central composition experiments design were applied. The ultrasonic time, extraction temperature, concentrations of ethanol, ratio of liquid to solid were chosen as causal factors. RSM was applied to study the effect of the above factors on the yield of total flavonoids. The results show that the optimum ultrasonic assisted extraction parameters were ultrasonic time 36.7 min, extraction temperature 74.99℃, concentration of ethanol 71.78%, and ratio of liquid to solid 65.68 mL/g. The yield of flavonoids with the optimum condition is 2.8%.In order to be clear about the season relations between its chemical composition and the biological activities, this article described 6 A. lavandulaefolia samples which picked from March to August (once per month) extracted the chemical substances use the response surface optimization method with ethanol, determined the total phenol and the total flavonoids content, the antioxidant, the DPPH radical scavenging and the antibacterial activity. This research found that in April and May the total phenol and the total flavonoids content is obviously higher than other months (p<0.05) in ethanol extract of A. lavandulaefolia, and the concentration of the total phenol and the total flavonoids which have 44.57 mg GAE×100g-1 of dry matter and 37.13 mg rutin×100g-1 of dry matter are highest in May. The antioxidant and DPPH free radical scavenging is also obviously higher than other months in April and May (p<0.05). The antibacterial activity indicated that the antibacterial of ethanol extract of A. lavandulaefolia is obviously higher than other months in April and May (p<0.05), the inhibition zone is bigger than other months. The A. lavandulaefolia had obviously difference in the chemical composition, antioxidant and the antibacterial activity in different season. These findings had provided the theory basis for the A. lavandulaefolia comprehensive development utilization.3. Mineral elements in stems and leaves of A. lavandulaefolia were measured and analyzed by Microwave-ICP-AES. There are a large number of elements which is necessary for human in A. lavandulaefolia. This research found that the content of Ca is 968.367mg/kg; the content of Mg is 323.62mg/kg and so on. The content of microelements is rich, the content of Fe is 38.867mg/kg, and the content of Zn is 10.887mg/kg. Some heavy metals, such as Cd and As, the contents are limited in the following countries, Pb, Cu and other heavy metals were not detected.4. The essential oil of A. lavandulaefolia were extracted and analyzed in different ways. The SDE isolated 22 species effective ingredient, accounting for 73.76% of total essential oil, microwave method isolated 28 species effective ingredient, accounting for the total volatile 59.36%. GC-MS analysis showed that there are many kinds of essential oil can be used as food additives, health products and medicines in A. lavandulaefolia, such as eudesmol is light beige with special odor crystals, which can be used as a flavor fixative agent production. And a-caryophyllene can be used for deployment of cloves, pepper, nutmeg, citrus, herbs and other edible essence,β-elemene can be used of can be used as anticancer drugs in the medical.