Pharmacognostical Study On Root And Stem Leaf Of Arctium Lappa L. Cultivated In Tibetan Qiang Area Of Sichuan Province

(1)Niubang was the roots,stemsand leaves,seeds of Arctium Iappa L.of the Compositae,recorded as ARCTII Fructus by the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia".?2?It was suggested that: the moisture content of roots,stems and leaves of Niubang were not more than 15%;the total ash of roots,stems and leaves of Niubang were not more than 7%;the water soluble extract of Niubang were that the roots were not less than 59%,the stems were not less than 75%,and the leaves were not less than 70%.?3?There were little differences between the total polysaccharide and total flavone content,which produced in different locality of growth and altitude;the roots,stems and leaves from different locality of growth and altitude,Niubang could also regard as one of raw material to extract polysaccharide.?4?The content of the chlorogenic acid and arctiin of the roots,stemsand leaves,seeds of A.Iappa L were determined simultaneously by UPLC-DAD method.Among them,the highest content of chlorogenic acid was root?August?of 2.26 mg?g^-1,stem?September?0.75 mg?g^-1and leaves?October?0.94 mg?g^-1;the highest content of Arcuiin was root?Sepyember?3.74 mg?g^-1,stem without arcuiin and leaves?August?1.01 mg?g^-1.Thecontent of arctiin and chlorogenic acid in different months was a certain amount of variation,and no relationships with different altitudes;Under 50 ?,each dried sample of chlorogenic acid and arctiin content was significantly higher than that of the dried samples of 70 ?;the content of the moldy Niubang roots chlorogenic acid samples decreased significantly,arctiin content droped to 0.?5?For the first time,the content of Arctium and chlorogenic acid in burdock root and stem leaves was determined by UPLC-DAD.?6?For the first time,it was contained phenolic acids?caffeic acid and trans-coumaric acid?by HPLC-ESI-IMS.?7?The chlorophyll of Niubang leaves was suitable as one of the materials for the extraction of green elements because of its preferably extraction rate and stability.?8?The limitation of heavy metals of roots,stems and leaves of Niubang were not exceeding the standard;The Hg element of heavy metal was not detected;The altitude had little influence on the inorganic elements in the roots,stems and leaves of Niubang.?9?Acute toxicity experiment of Niubang roots extract and Niubang aboveground extract:Gross anatomy was carried out,and observed the heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney and other main organs.The results showed that no abnormal lesions was observed.?10?Niubang roots and aboveground extract also decreased the serum TG content of model mice to a certain extent.Niubang roots and aboveground part of Niubang were obvious inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation and MDA production in rats liver microsomes.The effect of Niubang roots extract on liver microsomal lipid peroxidation was stronger than that of Niubang extract.