| Eucommia ulmoides Oliv (Eucommiaceae) is a non-timber tree species native to China. In this study, The Eucommia ulmoides bark,leaf,male flower and kernel was used as the experimental materials, By useing the RP-HPLC method ,we researched the yearly change law of main active components (CA, AU ect ) in different period and variation tree body. The optimal harvest period suitable for different useing parts were put forward; and the effect of N,P,K on the quality and yield of different orgain of Eucommia ulmoides was studied with Orthogonal rotation design combine considered the growth traits of tree body. in the end, the effective fertilization formular were selected preliminary. The main results are as follows:1. The research of component contents in different period and variation tree indicated ,the components contents varied significantly in the bark temporarily at different period. the contents peaked differently among varieties. Under comprehensively considered the accumulation law and the trait of the bark is easy peeling with the xylem in the time of July to August. It is reasonable to harvest from July to August; the active components content and constitutent ratio in smooth bark and shallow vertical slit bark type is much higher than that in the deep vertical slit and cracking bark variation; likewise, the medical effect and application value is more prominent in former two bark types.Therefore, Eucommia cultivars with smooth bark and shallow vertical slit bark could be criterias for future breeding of Eucommia caltivars aimed for medical purposes.2. The analysis on content variation of 9 resin glycosides in original and in regenerating Eucommia bark suggested that no difference was found in between the two types of bark and likewise their medical functions.A negative correlation was found between resin glycosides content and the phellem layer. Thus, this study revealed that the phellem layer could be an index for variety breeding with high quality medicine Eucommia bark.3. The change of active components (Chlorogenic acid ect)content in Eucommia leaf at diffferent season indicated the three active components content incresed first and then slow down with the tree body growth. The content peaked in June, which suggested that the optimal harvest time for Eucommia leaf was around June.4.The components accumulation in Eucommia male flower differed along with growing time. Results indicated that the optimal harvest time for male flower tea produce is at the fully blossoming stage(around March 18th to march 26th), while for pollen collection from march 26th to march 28th .5. The research indicated that the amino acid in Eucommia kernel incresed first and decresed in the end. Amino acid content incresed in the begining of August and it is the highest among all the component of crick fat. It peaked during the first ten days on October. Thus October can be the best harvesting period for making full use of seeds.6. Orthogonal rotation design was used for fertilization regrate test. The results showed that the quality of the flower,the length of male flower and the number of male flower in single bud increased significantly with increasment use of N and P. The optimal fertilizer formula for high production and quality as follows respectively:0.96~0.98 kg of N,1.42~1.55 kg of P and 1.40~1.43 kg of K for per tree in ratio of N:P:K=1:1.52:1.45; 0.917~0.952 kg of N,1.470~1.6344 kg of P and 1.290~1.389 kg of K for each Eucommia ulmoides tree in ratio of N:P:K=1:1.66:1.43.7. The effect of N,P,K on the seeds and kernel oil ratio of Eucommia research showed that the three nutrient element to the fruit yield ordered in N>P>K. the effect is especially apparent when control the level of three element in +1, by means of simulate optimization. The kernel oil ratio was highest when applied 0.935~0.955 kg of N, 1.469~1.818 kg of P and1.332~1.395 kg of K for per Eucommia Ulmoides tree in ratio of N:P:K=1:1.57:1.43. |
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