The Effects Of Road Traffic Upon The Growth-Development And Quality Of Paddy Rice

In order to explore the effect of road traffic on the main crop growth and quality Through the rice pot experiment, the author studys the effect of raod traffic on the agronomic characteristics of rice at different growth periods, morphological and anato-mical structure and quality.The main results were as follows:At the different stages of rice growth,Road traffic have no obvious effect on plant height,when the distance between 10 meters to 150 from the roadside. but caused the height of paddy rice from road 50 meters was reduced about 1cm below the other two treatment in heading stage..Road traffic inhibited the invalid tillering of paddy rice,but had no effect on effective tillering of each treatment. Single hole leaf area was reduced of paddy rice from road 10 meters and 50 meters.Road traffic had no effect on effective ear and percentage of bearing tiller. Dry matter accumulation of paddy rice was decreased from road 50 meters.Road traffic had no effect on anatomical structure of rice leaves from road 150 meters,but they were affected obviously other two treatments:Road traffic caused that mesophyll cells of rice leaves were narrow and long in jointing stage from road 50 meters and 10 meters, at the same time, chloroplast number which is 50 meters from the road was significantly less than the other two treatment. Vascular bundle of leaves grew more completely from road 10 meters,the mesophyll cells were deformated and chloroplasts number was decreased from road 50 meters in heading stage.In mature stage, road traffic caused nitrogen accumulation of leaves was higher than stem, phosphorus and potassium accumulation of leaves was lower than stem, road traffic had no significant effect on phosphorus accumulation,but it inhibited rice plant absorbed nitrogen from road 50 meters and 10 meters and stimulated the two treatments of rice plant absorbed potassium, The treatment was affected most obvi-ously from road 50 meters. Nitrogen content was decreased of grain from50 meters and phosphorus was decreased and potassium was increased of grain from 50 meters and 10 meters.But had no effect on the treatment from 150 meters. In three stages of rice growth (jointing stage;heading stage; mature stage), Soil enzyme activity was inhibited by road traffic from road 10 meters and 50 meters.In jointing stage, Urease activity was inhibited by traffic pollution most significantly from road 10 meters, dehydrogenase and phosphatase was inhibited more obvious from road 50 meters; I n heading stage and mature stage, three kinds of soil enzyme activity of the treatment were inhibited most seriously from road 50 meters in three treatments. In mature period, soil enzyme activities were positive correlated with N,P content of paddy rice,they were negative correlated with kcontent.Starting from the jointing stage, the number of soil microorganism was affected by the traffic; in heading stage,microbial total were increased significantly in 0-10cm soil in the treatment from road 50 meters;in mature stage, microbial total were increased in 0-10 cm soil from road 10 meters and in 10-20cm soil from road 50 meters, microbial total were reduced in 0-10cm soil from road 50 meters. In mature period,three kinds of soil microorganism quantity were positive correlated with K content of paddy rice,they were negative correlated with N and P content of paddy rice.Road traffic had no significant effect in three treatments brown rice percentage and milled rice percentage,but road traffic caused that entire milled percenttage decr-eased significantly from 50 meters, chalky gain percentage,chalkiness degree and adhesiveness were increased from 50 meters and 10 meters, setback,protein and ami-no acids was decreased from 50 meters, but lysine content of each treatment had no effect.