Evaluation Ecosytem Services Function Of Gongbu Nature Researve In Tibet

The Gongbu Nature Reserve in Tibet is in Tibet Nyingchi area, is by far the largest construction of the forest reserves in China. It protects the more perfect of mountain forest ecosystems. It has the Characteristics of the raw forest ecosystems and the biodiversity and the magnificent scenery himalchuli. The basic data were obtained through field investigation, integrating line sampling, normal site investigating and the remote sensing data, Based on the results of the Forest Eecosystems Research Station in Nyingchi. A more systematic study of the function and value of the Gongbu Nature Reserve. It has the effect of scientific significance and practical value.In this paper, in three aspects, studied the ecosystem service function and value of Gongbu Nature Reserv. At first, evaluated the direct economic return with the market valuation method. And the second, researched the eight ecologicalfunctions and value based on the Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China promulgated by State Forestry Administration, P. R. China. Put forward the problems and countermeasures. The results are as follows:(1) Accounting the direct economic valu of Gongbu Nature Reserv in this article. And calculated the value of the woods, grass, water and land, etc. Woodlands are divided into timber production forest, under-forest resoures and woodland resources, etc. The results show that the direct economic value is 1130.2 billion yuan of Gongbu Nature Reserv. Thereinto, the high value of the woodlands is 1086.1 billion yuan, accounts for 96.1%. Secondly, the water area economic value accounts for 3.6%. The direct economic value of grass and land is not high. In the woods, the standing trees economic value is the most high, that is 1018.1 billion yuan, but timber production forest is only 180.1 billion yuan. It indicates that this Nature Reserv is mainly used in forest for protection.(2) Assessing the ecosystem services function and value of Gongbu Nature Reserv. From wate conservation, soil conservation and carbon fixation and oxygen released, etc, assess the ecological benefit of the reserve. The results show that:adjusting water is 2.435×109 m3, preserving soil is 1.929×107t, fixating carbon is 3.222×106t, releasing oxygen is 7.215×106t. The total of economic value is up to 467.85 billion yuan. The reserve could benefit wate conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen released, nutrient accumulation, atmosphere environmental purification, windbreak and sand-fixation, biodiversity conservation and forest recreation function, their economic values are estimated be 199.72 billion yuan per year,13.52 billion yuan per year,110.81 billion yuan per year,1.48 billion yuan per year,37.15 billion yuan per year,0.04 billion yuan per year,99.56 billion yuan per year,5.55 billion yuan per year.(3) Evaluationing the forest ecosystem service function of Gongbu Nature Reserve. The forest ecosystem services function economic value is up to 243.59 billion yuan per year, accounts for 52.07% of the total value of reserve. It shows that the main of reserve is forest. Thereinto, the proportion of the value of wate conservation is biggest. It shows that wate conservation is the main body to ecosystem benefits. The fir forest ecological value is up to 147.16 billion yuan per year, accounts for 60.42% of the total value of forest. It shows that the protection of the key is to protect the fir forest. Gongbu Nature Reserve accounts for 18.56% of the area and provides 27.56% of ecological service function value of Nyingchi prefecture, and the ecological service function value per unit area is2.5 times that of Tibet.(4) Calculating the social benefits of Gongbu Nature Reserve. Quantitatively or qualitatively analyses the protection's social benefits from the increase of employment, social and educational value and geological archeology and ecological esthetics, etc. Gongbu Nature Reserve not only have a high economic value and ecological value, but also have an alternative function at protect the stability, ethnic unity, increase revenue, improve the living, raise the national image,etc. The final makes some policy measures to ensure Gongbu Nature Reserve to sustainable development against the current.