Assessment Of Forest Ecological Service Function And Discussion Of Compensation Problems In Dayaoshan National Nature Reserve Of Guangxi, China

Ecological service function of forests acts as the cornerstone in supporting and preserving the earth’s life support system, and it has currently become one of the hotspots around the world due to its irreplaceable contributions in maintaining the biodiversity, geochemical cycle of living matters, hydrological cycle and ecological balance of the biosphere. According to the Forest Ecological Service Function Assessment Standard (LY/T1721-2008) compiled by State Forestry Administration, the present study made use of the survey data of two types of forest resources in 2009 and the sample data of 172 forest ecological function monitoring plots in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, aiming at assessing the forest ecological service function in Dayaoshan National Nature Reserve which was set as an example here. During this course,17 indicies representing 6 functions (i.e. water conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, soil conservation, nutrient accumulation,atmospheric cleaning, biodiversity preservation, etc.) were chosen and detected. The main results are as follows:(1) The total material quantity of forest ecosystem ecological service functions in Dayaoshan are:conserving water for 166933700 m3·a-1; fixing soil for 954800 t·a-1, with respectively reducing in N loss for 4300 t·a-1, Ploss for 400 t·a-1, K loss for 14500 t·a-1, and loss of organic matter for 29400 t·a-1; total quantity of carbon-fixation for 52200 t·a-1 (191500 t·a-1 if converted into quantity of CO2 absoption), releasing oxygen for 139800t·a-1; forest accumulation of N for 1100 t·a-1, the accumulation of P for 0.02 million t·a-1, accumulation of K for 0.14 million t·a-1; providing a total number of negative ions for 2.1x1023 per year, absorbing SO2 for 2301400 kg·a-1, absorbing fluoride for 107500 kg·a-1, absorbing oxynitride for 146000 kg·a-1, dust-retention for 274338500 kg·a-1. (2)Indices showed as material quantity per unit area in Dayaoshan forest ecosystem service function are: conserving water amount was 6701.74 m3·hm-2·a-1; fixing soil for 38.33 t·hm-2·a-1, with respectively reducing in N loss for 0.17 t·hm-2·a-1, P loss for 0.02 t·hm-2·a-1, K loss for 0.58 t·hm-2·a-1, loss of organic matter for 1.18 t·hm-2·a-1; quantity of carbon-fixation for 2.1 t·hm-2·a-1 (7.69 t·hm-2·a-1 if converted into quantity of CO2 absoption), and releasing oxygen for 5.61t·hm-2·a-1; forest accumulation of N for 0.05 t·hm-2·a-1, the accumulation of P for 0.01 t·hm-2·a-1, accumulation of K for 0.06 t·hm-2·a-1; providing a total number of negative ions for 8.43×1018 per year per hectare, absorbing SO2 for 92.39 kg·hm-1·a-1, absorbing fluoride for 4.32 kg·hm-2·a-1, absorbing nitrogen for 5.86 kg·hm-2·a-1, dust-retention for 11000 kg·hm-2·a-1. (3) The total value gained from Dayaoshan forest ecosystem services is 2508000000 yuan per year, this can be averaged into 100700 yuan per year per hectare of the forest (including the protection of biological diversity). (4)According to the value contributed by the 6 forest ecosystem service functions, their desending order is showed as:water conservation,1369000000 yuan·a-1, accounting for 54.58%; biodiversity preservation, 689000000 yuan·a-1, accounting for 27.47%; carbon fixation and oxygen release,189000000 yuan·a-1, accounting for 7.53%; soil conservation,188000000 yuan·a-1, accounting for 7.5%; atmospheric cleaning,45000000 yuan·a-1, accounting for 1.8%; nutrient accumulation, 28000000 yuan·a-1, accounting for 1.12%. (5) The ecological compensation problems in Dayaoshan National Nature Reserve was discussed and some suggestions in constructing the ecological compensation mechanism of this reserve were proposed.