Study Of Forest Ecosystem On Its Service Functions And Sustainable Development In Gongbu Nature Reserve

The basic data were obtained through field investigation, integrating line sampling, normal site investigating and the remote sensing data. According to forest ecology, ecology economics, landscape ecology and landscape architecture, Gongbu forest ecosystem was investigated for its service and function effects, and its service value was calculated as well.A precipitation storage method was used to evaluate regional water conservation; USLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) model was used to calculated the soil conservation; NPP (Net primary production) and remote sensing method was used to calculated the value of carbon fixation and oxygen release; and other ecological service functions were evaluated by using the method from "Forestry Industry Standard of the PRC". The results are as follows:(1) We studied the forest economic value of Gongbu Nature Reserve, and evaluated the forest-tree value of timber production forest, artificial forest, under-forest resource and woodland resource. The forest asset includes forest resource, under-forest resource and woodland resource with the value of 121.39 billion yuan,95.58 million yuan and 12.403 billion yuan respectively. The tatol value of forest asset of Gongbu Nature Reserve is 133.827 billion yuan, in which the forest resource accounts for 90.73% and woodland resource 9.27%.(2) We studied and conducted a comprehensive assessment of the ecosystem service function in Gongbu Nature Reserve. The results showed that, the forest ecosystems of Gongbu Nature Reserve could benefit water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, atmosphere purgation and tourism and recreational function, their economic values were estimated to be 26.523 billion RMB per year,0.277 billon RMB per year,8.224 billion RMB per year,3.146 billion RMB per year,0.24 billion RMB per year respectively, and the total value of forest ecological service function of Gongbu is 38.41 billion RMB per year. Gongbu Nature Reserve accounts for 18.56 per cent of the area and provides 43.45 per cent of ecological service function value of Nyingchi Prefecture, and the ecological service function value per unit area is 4.5 times that of Tibet.(3) We studied and forecasted ecological footprint in Gongbu Nature Reserve. The reslut showed that ecological surplus of Gongbu was positive from 2004 to 2007 by ecological footprint analysis. The ecological capacity of Gongbu Nature Reserve is higher than ecological footprint, and its sustainable development degree is excellent. But in recent years, the ecological footprint of Gongbu appeared a rising tendency, and it maybe surpass its ecological carrying capacity in 128 years. In order to ensure that the value of ecological footprint is lower than that of ecological capacity, the demand of ecological footprint must be reduced, and the the ecological capacity must be increased. The function of ecological and environmental protection in Gongbu Nature Reserve play more and more important role play more and more important role.