Study On Occurring Regularity And Control Techniques Of Grape Grey Mould

Grey mould was one of the important diseases in the grape production, and it had the trend of increased year by year. This research focused on identification of Botrytis cinerea, biological characteristics, the occurrence regulation of grape grey mould and the chemical control under laboratory and field test. The results provided scientific reference for prevention and treatment policy of grape grey mould.1. Studies on strains identification and biological characteristics of (Botrytis cinerea Pers.)The disease samples were collected from the grape-producing areas such as Liaoning, Anhui, Gansu, Xinjiang, Hunan, Hebei province and the Neimonggu nationality autonomous and Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. The pathogens were isolated from them. Identificated were conducted by observing conidial, colony characteristics and Koch's postulates. It were confirmed that the pathogens were the same kinds of pathogen, i.e. the(Botrytis cinerea Pers.).Cultivated Botrytis cinerea in different conditions, which including different medium, temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen source. The results showed that it grew best in bean sprouts medium, and it couldn't grow in LB medium. The best carbon and nitrogen source were inositol and NH4C1, and the worst were glucan and ammonium oxalate. It could grow better in the condition of 25℃and pH6.2. Sdudies on occurrence regulation of grape grey mould in the regions of Beizhen areaThe Surveys of the occurrence and damage of grape grey mould were conduted in Benzhen at 2009 and 2010. The temperature and humidity were recorded, and then simulated the relationship between disease index and every fators by mathematics model. Screened Logistic model as epidemic forecast model of grape grey mould through graph and R2 value.It was predicted that, in Beizhen region, the Exponential Phase was from about April 10, AT was from grape budding stage to 2691.5℃, and ARH was from grape unearthed period to 655.469%. The Logistic Phase was the April 10 to May 31, AT was from 2691.5℃to 6556.5℃, and ARH was form 655.469% to 1715.467%. The Terminal Phase was after May 31, AT was above 6556.5℃, ARH was above 1715.467%. The control time was at about March 30, AT was 1608.1℃, and ARH was 358.347%. These dates were accordance with the reality.3. Studies on high efficiency and low toxicity fungicide screening of grape grey mouldLaboratory toxicity experiments of Procymidone; Flusilazole; Prochloraz; Mildothane; Pyrimethanil; Mancozeb; Myclobutanil were carried on. The results showed the 7 kinds of fungicides had antifugal activity to the grape grey mould, but the degree of the activity was different. Among them the best was Procymidone, Pyrimethanil and Myclobutanil. The EC50 followed by 19.715mg/L, 23.912 mg/L and 28.48 mg/L. The bacteriostatic activity of Mildothane was the weakest, its EC50 was 1969.017mg/L.4. Field control and demonstrate of grape grey mould Procymidone, Pyrimethanil and Myclobutanil had strong inhibitive activity to Botrytis cinerea. Field experiments showed that they could control grape grey mould effectively. The telophase control effect of Procymidone with 800mg/L, Pyrimethanil with 1600mg/L and Myclobutanil with 800mg/L were 91.34%,90.29%,89.15%. It offered a strategy of using fungicides in rotation to lessening pesticide resistance to control this disease..