Biological Characteristics And Prevention And Control Study Of Botrytis Cinerea In Changli Area

Grape gray mold is a main common disease of grape around the world.It is caused mainly by botrytis cinera,which has wide range and strong fecundity,which can re-infect many times in a growing season under suitable environment and it is a disease that affects seriously the growth and storage of grape.In order to further understand the occurrence rule of grape gray mold.This article has researched the biological characteristics,occurrence regularity and field controlling effect of the pathogen.1.Study on biological characteristics of grape gray mold.Botrytis cinerea can grow in the temperature of 20? ~ 25? which is the best temperature for it,and can also grow on the medium of all kinds of nutrients.The most suitable medium is the medium with sucrose as carbon source and potassium nitrate as nitrogen source.The most suitable solid to botrytis cinerea mycelial growth medium is threatening Puncak medium,and the most suitable liquid medium is the PDA medium.Light also has some influence on mycelial growth,as the same time continuous darkness is best for mycelial growth.2.Occurrence regularity of grape gray mold.Five brewing varieties(cabernet sauvignon,cabernet franc,chardonnay,SYRAH,pinot noir)and four fresh food(Kyoho,white,Victoria,Moldo2va)growing in Changli area were investigated.The five brewing species of grape varieties were susceptible.As for the onset time,cabernet sauvignon was the first incidence of leaf and ear,which started on June 15 and June 23 and the latest was pinot noir.As for the incidence rate,the highest and lowest of the diseased leaves were cabernet franc and pinot noir and the incidence rates were 9.2% and 4.4% respectively while the highest and lowest diseased ears were cabernet sauvignon and pinot noir respectively.The ear rate was 50% and 20 %,respectively.As for the severity of the incidence,the most severe of the leaf and ear were cabernet sauvignon.The disease index were 5.15 and 24.5.The lightest of the leaves and fruit ear was pinot noir.The disease index were 1.55 and 8.75 respectively.Other 4 kinds of table grapes such as Victoria,Kyoho had different degrees of disease.The first onset is Moldova and white banana beginning on June 23 while Kyoho and Victoria onset began on July 1.The highest incidence of Kyoho disease in August 27 could reach 7.6% and the most serious leaf disease was white banana with leaf disease index of 4.00.The lowest incidence of the disease was the leaf disease index of Kyoho grape.The first incidence of Guo was Kyoho on June 15 and the ear rate was highest.The ear rate of 8 was 43 % and the peak of Victoria was 7 onJuly 9.The most important was the disease index reaching its peak on August 27,and the ear disease index was 21.00.The lowest incidence of the disease in Moldova was only 6.75.3.Field control effect of grape gray mold.Having analyzing field control effect of 7 different fungicides and different concentrations on grape gray mold we found that the 8 fungicides have certain control effect on grape gray mold and the best one is iprodione.The control effect in the medium range is 91.6% and the ending stage can reach 90.5%.Followed by Shi Jiale,whose intermediate control effect is 90.3% and 89.6% in the late stage.The worst one is carbendazim.Its intermediate effect is 83.% and the ending control effect is 81.3%.