Study On Phenotypic Diversity And AFLP Of Germplasm Resources Of Star Anise

In this study, the plot was established to reaserch on Illicium varieties (types), to analyze the phenotypic diversity; and then the fluorescent-labeled AFLP molecular marker was used to study on classification and genetic diversity of 47 Illicium varieties (types) and 7 Illiciaceae species, and morphology marker was used to reaserch on 47 Illicium varieties (types), the main conclusions were as follows:1. The phenotype diversity of star anise was rich, and there were significant differences among flower, fruit, leaf and branch type. According to ANOVO, there were highly significant differences among effects of blade length, width, petiole, thickness, aspect ratio, leaf area, weight. The order of the value of CV was thickness<petiole<width<aspect ratio<blade length<weight <leaf area.The major type of Illicium branches type was hard branch type(55.6%), and then was soft branch type(27.8%). The flower's color and friut type were all differences, it had 4 colors (red, pale red, white, yellow); The fruit had 7 types of discs and the shape of the fruit were differences. The tender tips and leaves had 3 colors (red, pale red, green).2. The variation in phenotypic traits of different samples of 47 species (types) of Illicium were different. The average standard deviation was 0.6816, the average CV was 23.89%. The maximum of CV was flower colors (53.28%), and the minimum of CV was leaf thickness (13.21%).The cluster analysis of morphological characters showed that:when the genetic distance was 22, the 47 Illicium samples were divided into four groups: the first group had 14 species (types), the second group had 20 species (types), and the third group had 8 species (types), the fourth group had 5 species (types).3. AFLP fingerprinting of 56 samples with primer combinations P-GAG/M-CAA,P-GAG/M-CAG,P-GTC/M-CTA,P-GTC/M-CTG,P-GTG/M-CAA and P-GTG/M-CAC revealed a total number of 989 unambiguous bands, of which 988 ones were polymorphic and the poly-morphism frequency was 99.90%. Among 56 samples,45 species (types) had unique bands. The genetic similarity coefficients was between 0.17 and 0.71, and the average coefficients was 0.47. When the similarity coefficients was 0.33. With UPGMA clustering method, the 7 species were grouped inⅡsimilarity coefficients. Most species or types of Illicium were clustered in D group (44 species). But the AFLP molecular markers couldn't distinguish phenotypic differences of leaf color, leaf form, tree type, branch angle, flower color and fruit type. 4. The cluster analysis'results of morphology marker and AFLP molecular marker of 47 Illicium species (types) showed that, C43,C36,C33,C45,C42,C41,C39,C38,C40,C44,C37 were clustered in a same group, C13,C20,C22,C26,C19,C24,C17,C28,C25,C16,C4,C25 were clustered in a same group too, the similarity of the two methods were 48.94%. And the results also showed that C10-C 11,C1-C8,C34-C47,C46-C35,C31-C32-C30-C29,C3-C14-C15-C27 had relative relations, but they belong to different groups or restructuring group. AFLP molecular marker will C21,C23,C6, obviously different from other species or type, but morphology mark argue that there C21,C23,C6, closed relationships, and with the 17 other varieties or types to form a group.AFLP molecular marker could distinguish all selected samples of germplasm resources of star anise, it was the effective means and methods to identify. This research used morphological marker methods at Illicium varieties or types classification had higher application value, but phenotypes clustering analysis had its limitations, at Illicium genetic diversity should be adopted when the molecular markers and morphology mark combined.