Correlation Among Agronomic And Quality Traits And Genetic Diversity In Exotic Sugarcane Germplasm

Introducing sugarcane germplasm is advantageous for enriching genetic resources and improving the efficiency in sugarcane breeding.As yet, research on introduced sugarcane germplasm including types of Q,Vmc, FR, RB has been focused on adaptability. Choosing the sugarcane germplasm as parental materials which is closely linked to efficiency of breeding is still lack of ample information. Biological, agronomic and quality traits in 113 introduced sugarcane germplasm consisted of Q,Vmc,FR and RB were investigated in this study. The correlations among traits, phenotypic diversity in these germplasm were studied so as to provide sugarcane breeders with more information on their further utilization in sugarcane breeding. The result indicated:1. Abundant genetic variations among 113 introduced sugarcane germplasm were found, which suggested large potential for breeding. The genetic variation of 22 qualitative characters mainly from bud shape, internode colour exposured, field grew. Internode shape, shape of inner auricle, hair group 57 and angle of lamina to culm are following. The genetic variation of 13 quantitative characters mainly from sugar yield, impaction ratoon sprout rate, cane yield and tillering rate. Millable stalk number, single-stalk weight is in the next place.2. The result of correlation analysis for 13 quantitative characters showed that sugar yield was related to ratoon sprout rate, height, millable stalks, single-stalk weight and cane yield. Ratoon sprout rate significantly related to sprouting rate and tillering rate. Millable stalks was closely linked to rate of germination, tillering percent and ratoon sprout. Sucrose content was significantly related to both brix and purity. Meanwhile, Cane yield is negative related to sugar content, brix and purity.3. The result of principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that 113 introduced sugarcane germplasms were divided into 5 groups. Five sugarcane germplasms (95H4021, Q197, Q202, FR93-658, SP81-3250) were high yield, high sugar content, and well ratoon ability, could be popularized in future. Three sugarcane germplasms (Q207,Q209,FR93-910) have good performance in yield and ratoon ability, one sugacane germplasm (RB83-5054) was good in yield, ratoon ability and high fibre content, coud be used for energy sugarcane breeding. one sugarcane germplasm (95H4022) have high fibre content and brix.4. The genetic similarity analysis results show that 113 sugarcane germplasms simple matching between 0.2461 and 0.9091, average was 0.6649, the similarity was medium. Type of FR was closely similar to types of Q, Vmc, CP and RB. 5. The result of genetic similarity clustering clearly indicated the genetic relationship among 113 sugarcane germplasms which were divided into 4 groups. Both A group and B group consisted of 1 sugarcane germplasm only, the genetic distances were of large difference to group C and group D; there were43 sugarcne germplasms in C group,17 wre introdced from Australia,16 were introduced from France,4 were introduced from Philippines,3 were introduced from Mexico, etc. D group consisted of 68 sugarcane germplasms,12 were introdced from Australia,33 were introduced from France,6 were introduced from USA,3 were introduced from Philippines,4 were introduced from Mexico,3 were introduced from Brazil, etc.