Preliminary Analysis And Evaluation Of 97 Tomato Germplasm Resources

In this paper,97 tomato germplasm resources stored in the mid-term bank of germplasm resources of the Institute of Germplasm Resources of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences were used as the test materials,and various characters of tomato germplasm resources in different growth and development periods were determined,and their preliminary evaluation and analysis were carried out,which provided excellent germplasm resources for tomato breeding in Xinjiang in the later stage.The main conclusions of the study were as follows:(1)The genetic diversity index(H’)of the quantitative and quality traits of 97 tomato fruits ranged from 0 to 2.09,and the variation coefficient ranged from 11.17% to 54.03%.Cluster analysis showed that97 tomato resources were divided into 5 groups.Group Ⅰ was large-fruit tomato,which had good appearance quality.The characters of the Ⅱ group were in the intermediate type.In the Ⅲ group,the plant type was erect,the leaf type was potato leaf type,the fruit color was yellow,and the growth was limited.Ⅳ.The Ace group has high yield and good taste.Cluster analysis showed that cultivars 4,27,43,47,52,59,78,24 and 62 had excellent characters and could be used for genetic improvement of tomato varieties.(2)The botanical characteristics and quality characteristics of tomato were analyzed by principal component analysis,and the 20 selected botanical characteristics could be reduced to 4 main principal component factors,such as leaf,inflorescence,plant and fruit.After screening,the 20 quality characteristic indexes could be reduced to three main component factors,namely appearance quality,nutritional quality and flavor quality.(3)Through the path analysis of the fruit appearance traits and botanical characteristics of tomato germplasm resources,it was found that the collarous material color of embryo pedicle,stalk length,plant type,plant height,leaf length and leaf width directly affected the nutritional value of tomato,and indirectly indicated that they had little effect on other characteristics.The direct path coefficients of single inflorescence flower number,stalk length,leaf shape,leaf length,leaf width and hypocotyl color on fruit yield and plot yield were positive.These traits had greater positive direct effect on tomato yield,while other traits had less indirect effect on tomato yield.