Study On Influence Of Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium Rate On Growth And Secondary Metabolism Of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georrgi

Dried root of Scutellaria baicacalensis Georgi (labiatae) is one of the importantmedicine herbs widely used for treatment of various disease in China. Right now,Scutellaria baicacalensis Georgi is a national three-tier protection plant as a result ofextensive excavation caused the number of wild Scutellaria baicacalensis Georgi todrop quickly in past decades. Due to the wild resource had far from meeting themarket demand, people began to artificial domestication of Scutellaria baicacalensisGeorgi and achieved a success. However, like most Chinese herbal medicines,Scutellaria baicacalensis Georgi lacks of standardized guidance of cultivation system,leading to the cultured Scutellaria baicacalensis Georgi yield and quality is unstable,and some herbs and even can not reach the standard of "Chinese Pharmacopoeia".A field experiment performed with Scutellaria bacailensis Georgi during2010to2011, to investigate the NPK nutrition characteristics of the plant, andthe effects of different fertilizer treatments on growth, photosyntheticcharacteristics, active ingredient content and yield of Scutellaria bacailensis Georgi.At the same time, trace elements accumulated rule of Scutellaria bacailensis Georgiand the influence of fertilizer application on it was preliminarily study. Throughmodeling and optimization, get high yield and good quality of fertilizer rate finally toprovide a theoretical basis for normalized cultivation of Scutellaria bacailensisGeorgi. The study showed:1. The sequence of N, P and K absorption amount in the first year was as follows:K₂O> N> P₂O₅, and that in the second year was K₂O> N> P₂O₅in earlier stage andN> K₂O> P₂O₅in later stage. Therefore, it needs to pay attention to use of potassium fertilizer. In addition to as base fertilizer, it is necessary to increased use of nitrogenfertilizer before the end of August each year due to N had absorption peaks at the endof August for two consecutive years in Scutellaria bacailensis Georgi.2. NPK fertilizer treatments were better to the benefit of plant height, rootdiameter, dry root weight and yield increase of Scutellaria bacailensis Georgi. Therewas no obvious role in promoting root length by fertilization. The root shoot ratiosand economic coefficients in the second year were lower than that of the first year', itshowed fertilization was more conducive to the growth of the aerial parts in secondyear.3. Nitrogen was more conducive to the synthesis and accumulation ofchlorophyll than phosphorus and potassium. NPK fertilizer treatments best promotedthe synthesis and accumulation of carotenoid. Fertilization can significantly improvePn and Gs of Scutellaria bacailensis Georgi, but had no significant effect on Ci and Tr.In this experiment, the different fertilization treatments had a significant effect on Fo,Fm, Fv/Fo, but no significant effect on Fv/Fm, So Fv/Fm can not be used as agood sign for measuring the NPK whether lack of.4. There was a significant role in promoting baicalin content of Scutellariabacailensis Georgi root in the first year, but in addition to N0P2K₂treatment, theremaining fertilizer treatments had no significant role in promoting baicalin content,baicalin content of some fertilization treatments even significantly lower than controlin the secend year.5. The study concluded that under its experiment conditions the yield ofScutellaria baicalensis Georgi could was5200⁵700kg/ha and the fertilizationformula of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was that the N rates ranged within86.2⁹2.8kg/ha, the P rate in the form of P₂O₅was123.3¹48.7kg/ha and the K ratein the form of K₂O was123.3¹36.6kg/ha, while the root baicalin content was18%²0%.6. The content sequence of the four trace elements was as follows: Fe>Zn, Mn>Cu. The trace elements content in leaf was higher than root and stem. The diversityof same trace element content was obvious during different sampling time, and thefour elements content reached or approach to highest value after26thSeptember. Atharvest time, Fe and Mn content of FT were higher than UC, and the former was106.8%and128.8%of the latter, respectively; without significant influence on thecontent of Zn by fertilization; however, the Cu content of FT was lower than UC, was 51.2%of the latter.