| Because there are more and more old people in the world,Senile osteoporosis is now receiving more and more attention, osteoporosis is common in old people and often occurring lots of diseas, back pain is the most clinical manifestation, often with shorter length , fractures ,kyphosis, and it will decreased respiratory function, etc. There is report told that there are nearely 100million patients Senile osteoporosis in our country and it is estimated that will reach 110 million in four years. Senile osteoporosis have hree main features,they are Reduce the biomechanical properties of bone, trabecular degradation and bone volume decreased. Senile osteoporosis often have many complications, the most serious complications is vertebral compression fracture .The incidence of vertebral compression fracture in postmenopausal women will be 16%,while in the 70 years old people the incidence of vertebral compression fracture will be more than 20%. Because of lack of effective cure, patients who have vertebral compression fracture will reduce the quality of life in a sharp degree ,and lots of complications will occur; Vertebral compression may increase in late disease, patients with significant lower back pain and kyphosis angle increase, vertebral compression, compresses the chest deformity, and thus affect the respiratory and cardio-pulmonary circulation oppression, death can occur in the most serious. Commonly used in the past because of surgical treatment of patients with trauma, and many patients often have some other complications may not be possible using traditional surgical treatment. Now recognized worldwide that the effective standard treatment is expanded by balloon kyphoplasty (PKP), which is to improve the traditional percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and evolved, but with the growing number of applications it has been found many disadvantages[1,2] .To some extent,it must will limit the promotionand application of this advanced treatment.Thus, with the improving of PKP bone filling material, while a suitable animal model used to simulate the whole process of minimally invasive treatment effects of senile osteoporotics vertebral compression fractures must be essential.Newman et al [3] suggested that sheep as a animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis has its unique advantages. In this study, targeting female goats were ovariectomized and ovariectomized with combined glucocorticoid intramuscular to create a animal mode that have similar occurrence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, In the way of bone density scan, Micro-CT reconstruction and analysis of bone parameters , histopathological, serological detection to find the changes of bone mineral density ,trabecular bone structure and serological before and after castration goats, to verify whether the osteoporosis model was constructed successfully, to find a reliable method for the rapid construction of goat osteoporosis model applied in the followed experimental study to provide an objective basis and experimental basis.Objective:Discover a convenient, cost-effective experimental method to build large animal model of osteoporosis, for the simulation of the minimally invasive treatment effects of senile osteoporotics vertebral compression fractures which provides an ideal animal model experimental basis.Methods:In this experiment, 25 healthy female goats in the Guangzhou region were used, average age (3.5±1.5) years, mean weight (28.3±3.6) kg. Randomly divided into control group (A) and experimental group (B, C, D), while A is the control group (no removal of both ovaries, not glucocorticoid, n = 7), B, C, D for the experimental group , B is only castrated group (ovx, n = 6), C, D groups were OVX + steroid group (ovx + steroid), in which C group have three months of glucocorticoid injected after the third week, n = 6; D group have three months of steroid injected after half a year, n = 6). Lumbar vertebral bone mineral density, micro CT analysis of bone, biopsy tissue pathological changes in serum calcium, hosphorus and bone Calcium (BGP) changes were observed in control and experimental groups before and after castration castrated 3,6,9,12 months to evaluate the effective between the way of castration and combination of castration and glucocorticoid to build osteoporosis models.Results:12 months after castration, the lumbar vertebral BMD in experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (P values <0.01); BMD in C, D group (ovx + steroid) were statistically Differences compared with B (only OVX group) (P <0.05); and 3,6 months after C, D group, BMD is significantly different (P <0.05); l2 months after castration, B, C, D groups in lumbar spine BMD compared to their preoperative decreased 18.3±2.2%, 26.5±1.9% and 26.8±1.5%, while the control group did not find significantly lower;Calcium, phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase and serum osteocalcin in all group were not significantly different before castration (P> 0.05); while the experimental group after castration was significantly higher than in the control group occurred, the difference were statistically significant (P <0.05), while BMD in C, D were significantly increased after the end of steroid therapy than in the group B in the corresponding period group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); MicroCT analysis showed that after 12 months vertebral trabecular in ovx + steroid group is more sparse whit multiple fracture and greater gap than OVX group. Goat lumbar vertebral trabecular bone thickness , Trabecular number and bone volume fraction was significantly lower than the control group (P values <0.05), bone surface and surface area volume ratio were significantly higher than the control group (P values <0.05), Lumbar spine trabecular bone density and weight than the control group were significantly lower.Conclusion:In the experimental group significant osteoporosis occurred than the control group after 12 months, especially in groups of combination castration and steroid which suggest that combination castration and steroid to build goat model of osteoporosis may be the most effective way. |
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