The Relationship Between Tang Dynasty And Uighur Of Northern Desert From Tributary Largess System (629-843)

The tributary largess system is the major measures which Tang dynasty handled national relations and foreign relations. In the research of tributary largess relationship , we pay more attention to both sides of the interactive.The relationship between Uighur and Tang dynasty has many aspects. In political aspect it concludes not only Tang dynasty set Ji Mi Fu Zhou(羁縻府州) in northern desert in order to govern the Tiele tribes(铁�'部落),but also Uighur asked Tang dynasty for the name of khan after building their kingdom ,then Tang dynasty conferred it. In military aspect it concludes not only Tang dynasty sticked up for the right of inheritance between father and son,but also Uighur obeyed the Tang dynasty to dispatch and exterminate Eastern Gokturk Khanate(东突厥汗国),Xueyantuo Khanate(薛延陀汗国), Western Gokturk (西突厥) and Later Gokturk Khanate(后突厥汗国) , Uighur helped Tang dynasty to put down the rebellion of An Lushan and fighted with Tibetan in order to make the road of Western Regions clear. In economic aspect it concludes not only the tributary trade between Uighur and Tang dynasty,but also Tang dynasty granted Uighur for its putting down the rebellion of An Lushan, especially a large-scale silk-horse trade between them has a far-reaching influence after the rebellion of An Lushan . In cultural aspect it concludes not only Uighur asked marriages for Tang dynasty and Tang dynasty responded to the requirement, but also Manicheism spread in northern desert and Chinese Mainland. The links that contain suniting by marriage and market trade basically maintained a peaceful and close friendship between them.Ji Mi Fu Zhou was a basic and stability factor in early ages of Tang dynasty. Conferment and pay tribute was the symbol of confirming master-slave relations in the tributary largess system.Market trade was a stability and determining factor in later period of Tang dynasty's tributary largess system.There are more than 20 years between the rebellion of An Lushan and Tun Bagha Tarkhan (顿莫贺) went on stage, Uighur Khaganate and Tang dynasty became country of brothers at that time, Uighur had a strong trend position in the relations. Though the tributary largess system was quite broken,but not lost. Uighur people had a national identity to Tang dynasty,it was always indistinctly exist, it was undercurrent that kept the tributary largess relationship.When Uighur face the state of flux ,they need more of Tang dynasty, the tributary largess system quickly returned to normal until then. After Tun Bagha Tarkhan governning Uighur Khaganate,he was active to recover the relations with Tang dynasty. In the year of 788, Princess Xian'an was married to Uighur Khaganate. It was a sign that the relations between Uighur Khaganate and Tang dynasty changed brother relations into sovereign-minister relations. Uighur Khan stayed friendly relationship with Tang dynasty since then. In the existence of Uighur Khaganate which lasted nearly 100 years, there were much violent invasion that Uighur did in Tang dynasty's inland, they killed many people,but it was a branch.The co-existence of hierarchy and inequality, pacificatory and flexibility, reciprocal benefit and mutual benefit are the characteristics of tributary largess system, besides ,the Uighur also had a national identity to Tang dynasty and its own ethnic identity .