The Spread Of Western Learning By Min Bao And The Construction Of Public Opinion To Revolutionary Legitimacy

The research achievements in the modern academic circle about Minbao are quite abundant, but also are deficient to some extent. The researchers mostly focused on this paper's explication of the three people's principles made by Sun yat-sen, the publicity and support of the national revolution movement for Asian nations and the big controversies which took place between the Minbao and the Xinmincongbao. The modern research have some deficiencies in the fields such as Minbao's criticism and improvement of the public opinion through the weapon of the Western thought, the propaganda of the revolutionary theories, the argument about the revolutionary legality before the Revolution of the 1911.The first chapter elaborated the process of the modern political opinion formation and dissemination by means of Minbao from the perspective of the press and the mobilization of public opinion.In the late 19th and early 20th century, the revolution was facing a very severe situation. Revolutionary consciousness of the human minds was still very thin. The ideological vision and public opinion such as supporting the reforms of the Qing government, looking forward to the constitutional reforms and public opinion also occupied a leading position. After the establishment of the Chinese Alliance, it's official newspaper. "Minbao" expressed the clear desires about the communication of revolutionary theory and the breakout of. constitutional thought'dominant position in the public opinion.The second chapter explained Minbao's analysis about the bourgeois political theories such as the Western theories of evolution and religion and the Non-government thought. The trend of the Western eastward had been in long time. Up to the late 19th century, the spread of the Western learning in China had emerged a new situation. The bourgeois theories such as the social evolution, the innate rights of man,freedom and equality had been introduced into China. The revolutionaries tried to create the legality of manufacturing revolution in public opinion with the use of these bourgeois theories in order to achieve the purpose of using the theoretical grounds to support the political ideology. The third chapter demonstrated Minbao's positon in promoting the construction of revolutionary legitimacy public opinion from the angle of the western philosophy for the political public mobilizing support opinion. The revolutionaries knowed that whether could effectively criticize to the public opinion and whether could communicate the revolutionary theories generally was the key of whether the revolutionary legitimacy of public opinion could form.Facing the series of public opinion attacks made by the reformists, the revolutionaries fought against them and specifically addressed the necessity and reasonableness about the overthrow of the Manchu government, the establishment of the bourgeois republic, the need to launch a social revolution.As a result, the theory of revolution fully overcame the improved theory, and the happen of the revolution was perfectly justifiable.Minbao was the most powerful weapon which the revolutionaries used to propagandize the ideas and the theories of revolution before the Revolution of 1911. After the publishment of Minbao, the revolutionaries widely publicized the anti-revolutionary public opinion, effectively repudiated the constitutional royalist opinion and fully demonstrated the revolutionary legitimacy in public opinion. The publicity of Minbao made the revolution of ideas and theories been gradually accepted by ordinary people. The propaganda of Minbao prepared for the 1911 revolution in ideology and public opinion.