Research On The Mechanical Industry In Hunan During The Anti-Japanese War

Hunan mechanical industry started in late Qing had taken shape on the eve of the anti-Japanese war,which provided an opportunity for Hunan mechanical industry to develop from medium-size to the second large-scale after Chongqing.On the eve of the anti-Japanese war,the Nationalist Government made and adjusted policy on industry-mining construction to meet wartime demand. In view of strategetic status of Hunan and the demand of machine products,some institutions covering provincial government of Hunan,Military Affairs Commission of the Nationalist Government and Resources Committee improved the investment for Hunan and concentrated energy to bulid some larger machinery factories including central electrician equipment factory,electrical porcelain factory,etc.From the outbreak the anti-Japanese war to 1943,the overall scale of Hunan mechanical industry had been expending constantly. The main factories of wartime included Hunan machinery factory,Xinzhong engineering firms,Huacheng electrical equipment factory, Xinmin machinery factory,ect. They guaranteed the supply of machine products in wartime and supported the nationwide resistance strongly.With the development of Hunan mechanical industry,the population of workers rocketed. They being placed in social rock-bottom and made the due contribution to the victory of the anti-Japanese war through thick and thin.There are two functions of Hunan mechanical industry in wartime. On the one hand,civil machinery enterprises assisted military enterprises and provided machine for people of wartime;on the other hand,it promoted modernization and industry development of Hunan and lay the foundation of Hunan industrializationTo sum up,Hunan being in the mid area of china was an economically backward province. Before the outbreak of the anti-Japanese war,its impact of mechanical industry was limited. With the outbreak of resistance war and surge needs of army and the civilians,Hunan profiting from its industry base and strategetic status enhanced its role of mechanical industry nationwide.