The Research On Natural Disasters And Disasters Prevention And Disasters Relief In Liupan Mountain Area In Ming And Qing Dynasties

Being located in the junction of Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia Provinces, Liupan Mountain Area lies in the lower reaches of monsoon climate. And it is a transitional area between subhumid climate and semiarid climate from the south to the north. Liupan Mountain Area's Western and Eastern parts both belong to loess plateau. However, the Western part is characterized by its abundant ravines, while the Eastern part for plains and plateaus, all of which lead to the delicate environment of this area. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the growth of population, the land's reclamation experienced the process from valleys and plains to the slopes of mountains. Therefore, in regard to the above-mentioned realities, with the purpose to analyze the natural disasters in history and the corresponding protective measures, the research on Liupan Mountain Area has the representative and instructive functions not only to historical geography, science of disaster, and sociology, but also to the disasters'protection and rescue, and the sustainable development in this area.The preface of this paper mainly deals with the background, reasons and meanings of the research, and then it recalls the research status, and declares the research methods.The main body of this paper is divided into five chapters, Chapter One's main issue is the information searches and rearrangement about the disasters in Liupan Mountain Area in Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as drought, flood, hail, frost, snow and so on. Chapter Two's is about the outlined characteristics of those disasters mentioned in Chapter One. The Third Part is to analyze the causes of those disasters, while the Fourth Chapter is to list their influence on people ,who lived in this area in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The last chapter is to summarize the government and its people's efforts to prevent and rescue those disasters in Ming and Qing Dynasties.On the basis of summary of disciplines of how those disasters happen and change in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the related conclusions are reached, and the aims are to develop this area's economy, and instructively prevent and rescue its natural disasters are achieved.