A Study On The Relation Between Turning Complex & Climax Complex Clauses In Modern Chinese Language

It is based on the analysis of the existing research achievements of many experts in the field that the criteria to distinguish Turning Complex Clauses (TCC) and Climax Complex Clauses (CCC) are established in this thesis. Accordingly, four types of clauses fall into the category of TCC, including (a) clauses denying authenticity & rationality of information; (b) clauses denying completeness & comprehensiveness of information; (c) clauses denying the adequacy & classification of information; and (d) clauses denying authenticity & rationality in the information-based inference. Also, four types of clauses are considered as CCC, namely, (i) clauses in which the first sub-clause (part) indicating logically true proposition (but the case in"何况"clauses is the reverse); (ii) clauses with other-side information in the second part; (iii) clauses with additional information in the second part; as well as (iv) clauses with conclusive statement in the second part.Supported by such classification, the feasibility of making transformation between TCC and CCC is to be discussed in this thesis.In principle, none clause in the first type of TCC (a) can be transformed into CCC; while clauses of type (b), which lead to the same consequence in terms of the meaning, are possible to be CCC. It seems feasible to transform type (c) of TCC into CCC, but the original meaning converts along. It is also transformable for type (d) clauses as long as a suitable context, in which a progressive relation between the first and second sub-clauses exists, can be provided.Similarly, any type (1) of CCC is impossible to transform into TCC; while clauses of type (ii) can, except those in which the first and second sub-clauses lead to the same consequence or same reason. Most type (iii) clauses are feasible to achieve such transformation, but those, in which the second sub-clauses function only for strengthening the affirmatives of the first parts, are excluded. Type (iv) clauses are transformable if only the presupposition, which is deduced from the first sub-clause but contrary to the meaning revealing in the second one, is proved.The reason why some clauses in these two categories can be transformed is based on the fact that, they share the same sentence structure/foundation. Therefore, when the presupposition and talking attitude or the emphasis of the speaking changes, these clauses can be correspondingly transformed.