The Analysis On Differentiation Of Social Judgment And Bias

As an important part in social cognition, the research of social judgment has achieved outstanding results, especially in the Simon, Kahneman's promotion, and discovered social judgment be affected by a variety of heuristics and generate judgment biases. Meanwhile some research found that people have positive bias in figure judgment which was called leniency effect, as opposed to objects and events. At the same time, there were appearance and gender stereotype in social judgment which was affected by implicit cognition. Furthermore, the research of figure judgment was mainly in facial attractiveness and gender factors, the less attention was given on the impact of personal background of figures, which inspired a strong interest in the study.This paper had three purposes. The first was to view the relationship between social judgment biases and mistake theoretically with scientific and ecologic principle and the actual situation in China. The second was to investigate the applicability of leniency effect in social judgment by three experiments which were designed on research of social judgment, designed scales, paper-and-pencil test and implicit lexical decision. The last was to study gender, facial attractiveness and personal background how to affect figure judgment and the differentiation of judgment biases, also to understand figure traits which the three factors projected by going deep into implicit level of figure judgment.There were three experiments in this paper. By using projective paper-and-pencil test which contain pictures and questions, the first experiment viewed the differentiation in social judgment biases of objects, things and people. The second experiment viewed how gender, facial attractiveness and personal background influenced the judgment on figures who were affected by neglected events and analyzed the specific judgment biases. The third experiment viewed the internal connections among gender, facial attractiveness, personal background and figure characters by using implicit lexical decision. The results of three experiments confirmed four hypothesizes:1,There were evaluation biases in social judgment. The standard of judging people was looser than that of judging neglected events and the standard of judging personified objects was affected by people's attitudes. According to the different standards, the inherent leniency effect of social judgments is limited conditionally, which easily emerges polarization with the character factors involved.2,Gender, facial attractiveness and personal background were three important factors in figure judgment. Their interaction caused the differentiation of judgment biases and confirmed the existence of stereotype.3,In figure judgment, people were inclined to use three factors—gender, facial attractiveness and personal back-ground to infer figure traits. The one with high facial attractiveness often had good character, while the one with middle facial attractiveness often had good ability. If someone had less facial attractiveness, he/she would be regarded as a struggling man. Compare to the one with good personal background, the one who doesn't have such good personal background often had the better internal characteristics.4,The separation of explicit evaluation and implicit character association in figure judgment confirmed the two process—explicit control process and implicit automatic process—in social judgment.