The Development Of5-9Years Old Children’s Game Strategy In Ultimatum Game And It’s Influence Factors

Game decision making refers to the act of two or more interest in containing interdependent participants conducted of behavioral Decision in a Game situation. Game decision-making merits not only related to the quality of our life is good or bad, but also related to the personal success and even the country, social stability and development. Game Strategy which refers to the interests of the interdependence of two or more participants in the Game scenario, participants conducted in a manner used in the decision-making behavior, to ensure their own interests maximized. Game strategy use directly affect the game result, and then affect the distribution of interests. Current research on the game making mostly focus on the game making development of the differences as well as some of the factors that influence the game decision-making, research on the game strategy are less, and the existing research of game strategy coding classification only focused on the fair, expediency, not a detailed classification of game strategies. Individual cognitive differences decided the game strategy of species diversity, therefore, to detailed classification and coding of game strategy, and discusses the development of children’s game strategy and its influencing factors can improve the study of game decision-making, to provide theoretical and practical basis that to predict children’s game decision-making. In order to discuss the development of game strategy and its influence factors, this study designed three experiments:Experiment1to explore the development of children’s game decision-making and game strategy.By examining the5-9years old children’s decision-making behavior under the condition that without interference factors, and encoding their game strategy by answering the "why" questions,and then found the development rule of game decision-making and game strategy for5-9years old children.Experiment2discusses peer relations influence on children’s game decision-making and game strategy, divided the subjects into friend and stranger group, and to investigate the two groups of children’s game decision-making and game strategy differences under different peer relations.Experiment3discusses emotional impact on children’s game decision-making and game strategies, divided the subjects into happy and sad group, that children’s happy and sad mood were evoked by videos, and to investigate the two groups of children’s game decision-making and game strategy differences under different emotions.Integrated the three experimental results, the study concluded the following conclusions:(1) There are development differences for5-9years old children at game decision-making and game strategy. With increasing age, increasing the proposed offer for children, and game strategy gradually stabilized.(2) Game roles affect children’s game decision-making and game strategy. Children’s proposal offer increased with age, and there is no significant age differences for children to accept the offer; When children are regarded as the advisors they are more likely to use altruistic and fair strategy, as the respondents they are more likely to use fair strategy and satisfied or not emotional strategy.(3) Children’s proposal offer was not significant influenced by peer relations (p>0.05), there were no significant difference between friend and stranger group of proposed offer; The age difference was significant (p<0.01), that is, different ages were proposed offer significant differences. Peer relations significantly affected children to accept the offer, friend group had a significantly higher number of children to accept the offer than stranger group (p<0.01). The number of friend group children to accept the offer exist age differences and the proportion difference, the number of stranger group children to accept the offer does not exist age difference and the proportion difference.(4) Fellowship do not significantly affect the game strategy for proponent; As respondents friend group participants are more likely to use friendship and altruistic strategy, and stranger group are more likely to use fair and expedient strategy.(5) Emotion and age are significant interaction for children’s proposed offer (p<0.05), the main effect of emotion is significant (p<0.05), the main effect of age is not significant (p>0.05). Emotion significantly affected children to accept the offer, happy group had a significantly lower number of children to accept the offer than sad group (p<0.05). The number of happy group children to accept the offer exist age differences and the proportion difference, the number of sad group children to accept the offer also exist age difference and the proportion difference.(6) Emotion affect children’s game strategy. When children as advisors:under the sadness mood children aged at5and7are more to use sympathize with altruism strategy, and9years old children are more to use fair strategy; Under a happy mood5years old children are more to use reciprocal and self-interest strategy,7years old children are more to use fair and expedient strategy,9years old children use more sympathy with altruism strategy.When children as respondents:under5years old children in a happy mood is more to use fair and preference and like strategy, and under the sad mood are more likely to use sympathy with altruism and satisfied or not emotional strategy;7years old children don’t have significant game strategy difference under different emotional;9years old children are more to use sympathy altruistic strategy under the happy mood, and more to use fair strategy under the sadness mood.