The Situational Model Structure Factors And The Detection Position Characterization Of The Spatial Distance

Text reading is always the important field in cognitive psychology. Because of the special characters of the space dimension, many researchers have great interests in spatial situation model. Generally, spatial situation model is composed of spatial location, spatial relationship and spatial distance. This study focuses on the coding of space distance.Space distance is divided into category distance and metric distance. Metric distance is divided into implicit metric distance and explicit metric distance. A lot of researches sought to investigate whether these three distances be coded when spatial situation model being constructed, but no unified results. More researches support that category distance is coded, metric distance not. However, this research has challenged it.To the situation model, structural factor is one of the internal factors of spatial situation model, which refers to the structure of space dimension, including the complex degree of the description, the frame of reference and so on. This study believes that these factors will produce great effects on the coding of spatial distance.Therefore, the following two points are the main purposes of this study:one is to investigate whether readers code category distance and metric distance; one is to investigate whether the structural factors will influence ths coding course.The literature summary is divided into four sections. First, we introduced the history of text reading, basic knowledge and important concepts. Second, this study elaborated the essence and processing methods of situation model. Third, the study gives a large number of discussions on the situation model. At last, the main research points and design ideas are proposed.According to this study, the reason for that the reader does not characterize the metric distance in many studies is the failure of retrieval, not the failure of in the construction process. So, all the experiments in this study have two detecting position. There are three sections in the experimental study. The first block is to detect whether readers characterize distances in simple conditions which refuse any structural factors (the simple description, the distinct statement). This is verification for the previous study as well as a baseline for the second and third block. The second block is to detect whether readers characterize distances in complex conditions which means elaborative narrative. The third block is to detect whether readers construct spatial model according to distances in conditions which means integral statement.The results are the followings.1. The readers obey the propositional symbol characterization in simple c onditions. In detail, the readers characterize category distance, but don't characterize metric distance.2. The readers obey perceptual symbol characterization in laborative narrative and integral statement. In detail, the readers characterize both category distance and metric distance. The above suggest that structural factors make spatial situation model more clear and vivid.3. As the spatial situation model constructed right now is not clear, metric distance can't be detected when the probe stimulus is after displacement sentence.