Efforts And Struggles To Consolidate Sovereignty

To enhance feelings between central government and Tibet, and resume normal contact and sovereignty of central government over Tibet is a core element of central government's policy to Tibet in the period of the Republic of China. Mongolian and Tibetan Committee Office stationed in Tibet which is established by the executive yuan of national government markes the enhancing of central government and Tibet local's contact, it is a success of the central government making great efforts to resume the sovereignty over Tibet. This article mainly uses the collection of Taipei Mongolian and Tibetan Committee and Jianqi Printing Co., Ltd's publishing of the Mongolian and Tibetan Committee in Tibetan Office Selected Files (1-14), China Tibetan Research Center, the related documents published by The First and Second Historical Archives of China, diary of the office clerks and existing research results, to comb and analysis the efforts and struggles of Kong Qingzong who is the first director of Mongolian and Tibetan Committee Office handling the Tibet affairs, maintaining and strengthening of the central government's sovereignty over Tibetan. Meanwhile, according to compare with Shen Zonglian, Chen Xizhang etc directors in Tibetan office of Mongolian and Tibetan committee of national government and the resident ministers in Tibet of Qing Dynasty, this article tries to make an objective evaluation to Kong Qingzong's president in Tibet.On April 1, 1940, Mongolian and Tibetan Committee Office stationed in Tibet as the resident institution in Lhasa of Mongolian and Tibetan Committee established formally and start to work. Mr. Kong Qingzong as the director of Tibet affairs office in Mongolian and Tibetan Committee holds a concurrent post of the director of Tibetan Office. During the 4 years in Tibet, Kong Qingzong devotes his efforts to maintain and strengthen the central government's sovereignty over Tibet and resist the independent conspiracy of partial pro-British forces in Tibetan local government, which was interfered and supported by British. At the same time, he makes a great efforts to make the common progress of both Tibetan and the Han ethnic group, propagates the central government's kindness and enhance the feelings between central government and Tibet. He makes a certain achievement in various aspects such as politics, religion and education, and also gets a lot of authority for the office. However, under the situation of the decadency of government's sovereignty over Tibet, the interference by British and the political activities of partial separatist forces, Kong Qingzong holds a tough attitude all the time attempting to resume the authority of Tibetan minister and this causes the very discontent of GaSha government which asks to replace him. It makes the relationship between government and Tibet to a deadlock.The office stationed in Tibet is a directly agency of Nanjing National government to deal with Tibetan affairs, but because of the lack of data, scholars did not pay much attention to it. Until recent years, there are a few articles related to the office stationed in Tibet. This article takes the period of Kong Qingzong's presiding as the research object, and hopes to fill the bland of the modern and contemporary Chinese history research in this area. Meanwhile, through the research of Kong Qingzong's presiding, this article can get a glimpse of the policy of Nanjing National government to Tibet and its efforts to maintain the national sovereignty, refutes the fallacy of Tibet independence,and affords the experience of handling the Ethnic Issues.